The primary empirically supported treatments for EDs are CBT-E and FBT. Both recommend a limited treatment team that includes a primary therapist who focuses on changing eating behaviors, weight, and related body image concerns; a medical provider to monitor stability; and a psychiatrist for medication management of any comorbid diagnoses. Dietitians may be used as consultants, and other types of therapy should be suspended during treatment. This approach aims to reduce the risk of conflicting messages among providers, treatment fatigue, and reinforcing of safety behaviors, but it has not yet become standard practice in ED treatment (particularly in the United States). Despite evidence supporting the efficacy of CBT-E and FBT, outdated ideas about ED maintenance and treatment persist in the healthcare community, which can be a challenge in treatment, especially when the patient also has a co-occurring diagnosis of OCD.

Eating disorders (EDs) can be treated with inpatient, residential, partial hospital, and outpatient care through various therapeutic orientations. Studies indicate that evidence-based treatment models in the least restrictive environment lead to the best outcomes. One treatment option is FBT for adolescent EDs, which encourages families to externalize the illness and be a primary agent of change. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for EDs is collaborative and requires patient motivation. It includes forms like CBT-E, CBT-guided self-help, 10-session cognitive-behavioral therapy, and CBT for ARFID which are structured and manualized. CBT-E targets body weight, shape, and control and maintenance variables of the illness. Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a structured, time-limited treatment for adults with BN and BED, focusing on how relationships affect ED symptoms. Both IPT and CBT are effective for binge-related behaviors and cognitions. CBT-AR is a treatment option for individuals over 10 years old with all presentations of ARFID who are medically stable and not dependent on tube feeding.

The chapter outlines for the clinical psychologist how longer treatments can be adapted in the form of brief interventions. As an example with a strong evidence base, we focus on brief interventions for alcohol use. The aim of these interventions is to raise awareness of alcohol-related risk and reduce hazardous and harmful drinking behaviour. The chapter outlines a detailed, practical example of a brief intervention for problem drinking.

This chapter begins with background on social anxiety disorder (SAD) and a review of a cognitive behavioral model of SAD. Next, we discuss the core components of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for SAD and give an overview of literature. We then describe the diagnostic and assessment process, reviewing common clinician-administered and self-report measures. The latter portion of the chapter follows a case vignette of an individual with SAD seeking CBT. Using this illustration, we delineate the process of case formulation and conceptualization and present the use of a specific CBT protocol for SAD, reviewing each principal phase of treatment. This CBT protocol begins with psychoeducation and client socialization. It then advances to cognitive restructuring and behavioral exposure practice, and culminates with advanced cognitive work geared toward core beliefs. Treatment ends with a discussion of helpful ways to prevent relapse and preparing the client for termination.