In the final chapter, readers find a brief review of the main contents that have been covered in the book. Jointly with that, there is a series of reflections derived from everything we have discussed throughout the text, such as the key role played by business education and the entrepreneurial action of governments in the fight against the climate emergency. In accordance with a more humanist management proposal and a greater awareness of the organisations–natural environment relationship, we highlight the educational proposals that stand out for presenting the new management values that this book aims to highlight and that begin by redefining the company's internal mission of regenerative strategy. The chapter ends with a brief reflection on the role that the entrepreneurial state must play in the definitive boost of the technologies that can help us face the climate emergency, not only by supporting companies and solving market failures, but also by creating markets and taking risks that no other agent is willing to bear. From our perspective, the climate emergency calls for it.

Chapter 9 is about how public institutions contribute to the trajectory of progress. The most common methods for public involvement are through creating institutions (universities, research facilities, etc.) and through distributing grants. There are any number of combinations by which governments and public institutions can give out grants, with each country having their own unique variation. These mechanisms are crucial in determining the rate and direction of progress. By supporting certain research areas, we commit to making progress in one area while potentially reducing it in others. The chapter is also concerned with how public funding differs from private funding, how important public funding is in steering the direction of research towards areas directly relevant to the common person, and how public funding has become more commercialized.

The concept of a public option – a good or service that is government-provided, quality-assured and universally available at a reasonable and fixed price, which coexists with products from the private sector – is receiving increasing interest as a public policy tool (Sitaraman and Alstott 2019). The idea can be applied to a range of social and public services, such as health care, retirement, higher education, banking, and childcare. It can also be applied to innovation and manufacturing, especially in the pharmaceutical industry and with regard to issues that matter to citizens (access to health, clean energy, and the benefits of big data and AI). Indeed, the use of public options for sectors driven by fast innovation is developing into an exciting new area of policy.

The state figures centrally in Green debates about the prospects and possibilities of a transition towards a Green society. This is true across the spectrum of Green political thought from anarchist traditions that advocate stateless self-governing communities, to emphasis on decentralisation and subsidiarity, through to the multilevel or transnational eco or Green state. The state is viewed, variously, as too large, too small, too captured and compromised by incumbent actors, elites and classes, too exploitative, violent or hierarchical and bureaucratic, depending on which version of Green politics is drawn upon. For some, it represents too large and distant an institution to build an ecological society, especially one which, for Greens, would have to have grassroots' democracy at its heart. Yet for others, it is too small a unit to deal with ecological challenges. This chapter explores Green critiques of the undemcratic, capitalist-industrialist and coercive nature of the state before articulating different ideas about the form a Green state could take. Finally, it evaluates strategies for building a Green state through ecological democracy.