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2 results

  • 6 - Circadian Rhythms and Cognitive Functioning

  • Edited by Laura K. Fonken, University of Texas, Austin, Randy J. Nelson, West Virginia University
  • Book:
    Biological Implications of Circadian Disruption
    Published online:
    07 October 2023
    Print publication:
    12 October 2023, pp 134-164

  • Summary

    The circadian timing system has pronounced effects on learning and memory, with learning and recall regulated by time of day and the cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory being under circadian control. Given this influence of the circadian system, studies across species, including humans, reveal that circadian disruption has pronounced negative effects on cognitive functioning. Circadian disruption leads to deficits in learning and memory by negatively affecting neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and epigenetic events required for acquisition and recall of memories. The present chapter describes the impact of circadian disruption on learning and memory while considering the mechanisms underlying circadian control of cognitive function. Given that the modern world is rife with temporal disruptions due to work requirements, limited exposure to sunlight during the day, and exposure to artificial lighting and blue light-emitting electronic devices at night, understanding the negative impact of circadian disruption on learning and memory and developing mitigating strategies are vital.

  • Patient wait times for daily outpatient radiotherapy appointments (a single-centre study)

  • Soumya Roy, Biplab Sarkar, Anirudh Pradhan, Anusheel Munshi, Rohit Chauhan
  • Journal:
    Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice / Volume 22 / 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 March 2023, e88
    • Article
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  • Purpose:

    Patient wait time for every single fraction of every patient treated at our centre for the past year has been presented in this study. The waiting time data were analysed across different treatment sites and modalities.

    Materials and Methods:

    Between March 2021 and March 2022, all patients and their corresponding recorded measurements of waiting time were analysed. Times recorded included check-in time (CK), scheduled time to start treatment (SC) and beam-on time for the first beam of therapy (ST). SPSS version 18 was used for statistical calculations, correlations and assessing significance.

    Results:

    A total of 181 patients were treated during this duration. The total number of radiotherapy (RT) sessions recorded was 3011. Out of these 3011 sessions, number of times treated by rapid arc (RA), intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) were 68.18%, 30.19%, 0.167%, 0.565% and 0.19%, respectively. The mean (± standard deviation) times for scheduled time to start treatment (SC) to check-in time (CK), SC to ST (beam-on time for the first beam of treatment), CK to ST and (CK or SC) to ST were −14 ± 48 min, 6 ± 50 min, 19 ± 24 min and −4 ± 31 min, respectively.

    Conclusion:

    Patient wait times during RT were presented in this study. This study covered the daily waiting times before RT during modern-day RT treatment sessions. This vast series of consecutive patient data will be a valuable resource for the future planning and management of any modern RT department.