Ovarian cancers are classified as epithelial (including borderline and malignant tumors) and non-epithelial cancers. The standard treatment of borderline ovarian tumours (BOT) consisted of a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, peritoneal cytology, omentectomy and multiple peritoneal biopsies. The differential criterion between epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and BOT is the invasion of the ovarian stroma. The standard surgical procedure for EOC is a radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Non-epithelial malignant tumors are characterized by: the occurrence of disease in younger patients; and a good prognosis of this tumor. Conservative treatment yields good fertility results and does not affect the survival of patients with BOT. It should be considered for young women desiring fertility, even if peritoneal implants are discovered at the time of initial surgery. In case of infertility, medically-assisted procreation techniques may be proposed to patients with stage I BOT with a limited number of stimulation cycles.