Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

2 results

  • Prevalence of body-focused repetitive behaviors in a diverse population sample – rates across age, gender, race and education

  • Steffen Moritz, Jakob Scheunemann, Lena Jelinek, Danielle Penney, Stella Schmotz, Luca Hoyer, Dominik Grudzień, Adrianna Aleksandrowicz
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 54 / Issue 8 / June 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    13 December 2023, pp. 1552-1558
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Background

    Prevalence estimates for body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs) such as trichotillomania differ greatly across studies owing to several confounding factors (e.g. different criteria). For the present study, we recruited a diverse online sample to provide estimates for nine subtypes of BFRBs and body-focused repetitive disorders (BFRDs).

    Methods

    The final sample comprised 1481 individuals from the general population. Several precautions were taken to recruit a diverse sample and to exclude participants with low reliability. We matched participants on gender, race, education and age range to allow unbiased interpretation.

    Results

    While almost all participants acknowledged at least one BFRB in their lifetime (97.1%), the rate for BFRDs was 24%. Nail biting (11.4%), dermatophagia (8.7%), skin picking (8.2%), and lip-cheek biting (7.9%) were the most frequent BFRDs. Whereas men showed more lifetime BFRBs, the rate of BFRDs was higher in women than in men. Rates of BFRDs were low in older participants, especially after the age of 40. Overall, BFRBs and BFRDs were more prevalent in White than in non-White individuals. Education did not show a strong association with BFRB/BFRDs.

    Discussion

    BFRBs are ubiquitous. More severe forms, BFRDs, manifest in approximately one out of four people. In view of the often-irreversible somatic sequelae (e.g. scars) BFRBs/BFRDs deserve greater diagnostic and therapeutic attention by clinicians working in both psychology/psychiatry and somatic medicine (especially dermatology and dentistry).

  • 16 - Comprehensive Behavioral Treatment for Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling Disorder) and Excoriation (Skin Picking) Disorder

  • from Part Three - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Associated Disorders
  • Edited by Gillian Todd, University of East Anglia, Rhena Branch, University of East Anglia
  • Book:
    Evidence-Based Treatment for Anxiety Disorders and Depression
    Published online:
    06 January 2022
    Print publication:
    13 January 2022, pp 316-340

  • Summary

    Both hair pulling disorder (trichotillomania) and skin picking disorder (excoriation disorder) are legitimate clinical disorders that are neither rare nor benign. For almost half a century, habit reversal training (HRT) has dominated the clinical literature as treatment for these body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs), yet clinicians and researchers have recognized the limitations of this treatment and have utilized numerous treatment modifications in attempts to bolster its effectiveness. Comprehensive behavioral (ComB) treatment, a newer approach to BFRB treatment, has been described in professional publications and is widely used by expert BFRB clinicians The ComB treatment model provides a guiding, comprehensive, conceptual framework that encompasses and integrates sensory, cognitive, affective, motor, and environmental variables into an individualized treatment package geared to the unique clinical phenomenology of each patient. In this chapter, ComB treatment is described in detail and an illustrative case highlights its unique advantages over other BFRB treatments.