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3 results

  • Chapter 3 - How Should I Live?

  • James M. Ambury, King's College, Pennsylvania
  • Book:
    Neoplatonic Pedagogy and the Alcibiades I
    Published online:
    16 May 2024
    Print publication:
    23 May 2024, pp 75-151

  • Summary

    Chapter 3 takes up the Elenctic section of the dialogue, in which Socrates begins to chisel away at Alcibiades’ hubris in an effort to expose his double ignorance, that is, his ignorance of his ignorance. The young man hastens to the Athenian bema, eager to give a speech about justice, but estranged from justice beyond the level of ethical virtue. Without self-knowledge, he desires nothing other than the accolades of the many and asks not even the simplest question about justice, to say nothing of ascending to contemplate it as intelligible reality. Socrates refutes him in order to remove his arrogant pretension, not only that he knows justice, but that he knows himself. Generally, the Elenctic section removes the obstacles that stand in the way of Alcibiades’ conversion, and the Neoplatonic student learns that he must undergo a similar cleansing to that of Socrates’ interlocutor – Alcibiades’ purification is that of any philosophical initiate.

  • 30 - Imagining the Real: Buddhist Paths to Wholeness in Tibet

  • from Part IV - Novel Combinatorial Forms of the Imagination
  • Edited by Anna Abraham, University of Georgia
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the Imagination
    Published online:
    26 May 2020
    Print publication:
    18 June 2020, pp 500-513

  • Summary

    Imagination is crucial in the Buddhist contemplative practices of Tibet. And yet the path to freedom in which they participate requires release from all imagining. This conundrum leads us to examine a sequence of practices from two of Tibet’s greatest poet-philosopher–practitioners, Longchen Rabjampa and Jigme Lingpa. In our reading, their instructions identify somatic, cognitive, creative, intentional, distracted, confused, or corrective states of imagination. Intentional imagining is an intentional method for resolving confused or distracted imagining. In detailing this we ask also how imagination differs from or overlaps with thought. We find that training in the intentional can elicit transmodal perception of reminiscence of what we knew as infants, suggesting that the imagination helps take us deep into body-mind memory. Finally, and especially significant for insights into the deep structure of perception, we note Dzogchen’s appreciation of the imagination’s capacity for dissolving itself, into a particularly expansive dimension of human experience.

  • Selective slow-wave sleep deprivation and time-of-night effects on cognitive performance upon awakening

  • MICHELE FERRARA, LUIGI DE GENNARO, MARIA CASAGRANDE, MARIO BERTINI
  • Journal:
    Psychophysiology / Volume 37 / Issue 4 / July 2000
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 July 2000, pp. 440-446
    Print publication:
    July 2000

  • We evaluated the effects of selective slow-wave sleep (SWS) deprivation and time-of-night factors on cognitive performance upon awakening. Ten normal men slept for 6 consecutive nights in the laboratory: 1 adaptation, 2 baseline, 2 selective SWS deprivation, and 1 recovery night. Cognitive performance was assessed by means of a Descending Subtraction Task after 2, 5, and 7.5 h of sleep. There was an almost complete selective SWS suppression during both deprivation nights, and a significant SWS rebound during the recovery sleep. Regarding cognitive performance, a progressive linear decrease of sleep inertia upon successive awakenings was found during all experimental nights except for the recovery night. In addition, a significant decrease of sleep inertia was observed upon the morning awakening of the second deprivation night for the measure of performance speed, and a significant increase of sleep inertia upon the morning awakening of the recovery night for the measure of performance accuracy. The results show that cognitive performance upon awakening is adversely affected by sleep depth and that, during the sleep–wake transition, cognitive performance accuracy is more impaired than performance speed.