Brown trout and rainbow trout (average weight 100 g) were reared in fresh water at 12 °C under the same conditions before transfer of brown trout to sea water, in order to compare nitrogen utilisation in the two species. Apparent protein digestibility (ADC), nitrogen (ammonia and urea) excretion, protein productive value (PPV) and actual observed nitrogen mass balance were determined. Rainbow trout raised in fresh water had a higher growth rate (1.1 vs 0.8%.d−1), better food conversion ratio (0.7 vs 1.0), better ADC (91 vs 85%) and PPV (45 vs 35%) and lower ammonia excretion rates than brown trout reared in fresh water. Transferring brown trout to sea water induced lower PPV (30%) and ammonia and urea excretion. Salinity did not modify metabolic efficiency in brown trout. Fat content was higher in brown trout (7.7-8.9% ww) than in rainbow trout (5.7-7.6% ww). Nitrogen mass balance indicated that compounds other than ammonia and urea were produced in higher quantities by seawater brown trout. Behaviour, less domestication and specific ability to utilise protein could explain the differences between the two species.

The pattern of ammonia excretion was examined in the Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baeri, during starvation. For different weight groups (60 g to 2 kg), this excretion decreased rapidly to reach a constant level of 32 mg NH4-N.kg-1.day-1 after 8 days of fast. This minimum is an estimation of the Endogenous Nitrogen Excretion (ENE). No diurnal pattern was observed in the ammonia excretion or oxygen consumption (28.6 ± 3.2 mg O2.kg-1.h-1, mean ± sd) of fasted fish. These data appear to indicate that the basal metabolism is very low in the Siberian sturgeon and that the nycthemeral cycle is only the result of exogenous nutrition.

A method for measuring NH3 colorimetrically by Nesslerization without distillation is proposed. Precipitation of CaCO3 is prevented by adding Na salicylate, which chelates the Ca2+, but not the Hg2+ of Nessler's reagent. NO3 - can be measured in the same way after reduction with TiCl3. Precision and accuracy are those of a colorimetric method ; the sensitivity is somewhat lower than with the indophenol-blue method using phenol, but about the same as when using salicylate.