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2 results

  • Social Position and Frailty

  • Philip D. St. John, Patrick R. Montgomery, Suzanne L. Tyas
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement / Volume 32 / Issue 3 / September 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    20 August 2013, pp. 250-259

  • This study sought to determine (1) if measures of social position are associated with frailty; (2) if any observed association between social position and frailty is a threshold or gradient effect; and (3) if any observed association is independent of possible confounders. Data were drawn from a sample of 1,751 community-dwelling adults, aged 65 and older, living in the Canadian province of Manitoba in 1991. Education, self-reported income adequacy, and self-reported income satisfaction were used as measures of social position. Frailty was graded based on functional loss, cognition, and urinary incontinence. Multivariate regression analyses revealed, after adjusting for possible confounding factors, that all measures of social position were strongly associated with frailty in a gradient, rather than a threshold, manner. We conclude that social gradients for frailty are present in older adults, although a causal mechanism is not yet clear.

  • Life satisfaction and frailty in community-based older adults: cross-sectional and prospective analyses

  • Philip D. St John, Suzanne L. Tyas, Patrick R. Montgomery
  • Journal:
    International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 25 / Issue 10 / October 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 July 2013, pp. 1709-1716
  • Background:

    Frailty may be associated with reduced life satisfaction (LS). The objectives of this paper are to determine if (1) frailty is associated with LS in community-dwelling older adults in cross-sectional analyses; (2) frailty predicts LS five years later; and (3) specific domains of LS are preferentially associated with frailty.

    Methods:

    This paper presents analysis of an existing population-based cohort study of 1,751 persons aged 65+ who were assessed in 1991, with follow-up five years later. LS was measured using the terrible–delightful scale, which measures overall LS and LS in specific domains. Frailty was measured using the Brief Frailty Instrument. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, education, and marital status.

    Results:

    Frailty was associated with overall LS at time 1 and predicted overall LS at time 2. This was seen in unadjusted analyses and after adjusting for confounding factors. Frailty was associated with all domains of LS at time 1, and predicted LS at time 2 in all domains except housing and self-esteem. However, the effect was stronger for LS with health than with other domains for both times 1 and 2.

    Conclusions:

    Frailty is associated with LS, and the effect is strongest for LS with health.