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2 results

  • 2.10 - Imaging of the Abdomen

  • from Section 2 - Diagnosis, Assessment, Investigation, Monitoring and Data Interpretation
  • Edited by Ned Gilbert-Kawai, The Royal Liverpool Hospital, Debashish Dutta, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, Carl Waldmann, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading
  • Book:
    Intensive Care Medicine
    Published online:
    27 July 2023
    Print publication:
    01 December 2021, pp 68-74

  • Summary

    Key Learning Points

    1. 1. On an abdominal X-ray, the bowel is only visible when there is intraluminal gas or an air–fluid level, as the different densities are required to create contrast resolution so they can be perceived on a radiograph.

    2. 2. The 3/6/9 rule refers to the maximum size of specific sections of the bowel.

    3. 3. On an abdominal X-ray, the small bowel is normally central and valvulae conniventes can be seen. The colon, by contrast, is normally peripheral and has haustral folds which do not completely traverse the lumen.

    4. 4. In the early stages of pancreatitis, no abnormalities may be seen on CT imaging.

    5. 5. In cholecystitis, ultrasound is more sensitive than CT; however, CT is better at depicting complications such as perforation.

  • Chapter 17 - Immunosuppressed patients

  • from Section II: - Systemic disorders and management
  • Edited by Fang Gao Smith, University of Warwick
  • Edited in association with Joyce Yeung
  • Book:
    Core Topics in Critical Care Medicine
    Published online:
    06 July 2010
    Print publication:
    22 April 2010, pp 116-123

  • Summary

    The reason for the imaging request should be stated on the referral form to allow the most appropriate imaging technique to be used. It may be helpful to discuss the clinical problem with a radiologist. Most hospitals in the UK now use a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to store X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound examination images directly onto the hospital computer system. This chapter discusses X-ray imaging that includes chest X-ray and abdominal X-ray, and CT scanning that includes CT head, CT cervical spine, CT chest, and CT abdomen. Nuclear medicine techniques are useful in searching for occult foci of infection by the administration of radioactive labelled white blood cells. Doppler ultrasound uses alterations in reflection of the ultrasound beam by flowing blood cells and can be used to assess either arterial or venous flow.