A patient is referred by her primary care provider for consultation and transfer of care to your high-risk obstetric unit at a tertiary center. She is a 32-year-old primigravida at 15+3 weeks’ gestation with new abnormalities on chest X-ray and a positive sputum smear for acid-fast bacilli, performed as part of investigations for a four-week history of cough and night sweats. You have arranged to see her at the end of your clinic, with appropriate infection precautions. Referral to an infectious disease expert has also been instigated. A copy of the routine maternal prenatal investigations is unavailable at this time. First-trimester sonogram and aneuploidy screen were unremarkable. She has no obstetric complaints.

A 35-year-old G2P1 with chronic hypertension is referred by her primary care provider to your tertiary-care center for prenatal care of a singleton intrauterine pregnancy at 8+2 weeks’ gestation by dating sonography. The patient has no obstetric complaints to date. Her last pregnancy was 10 years ago.

A 26-year-old Caucasian primigravida with cystic fibrosis (CF) is referred by her primary care provider for prenatal care of her desired pregnancy. Dating ultrasound has just confirmed a viable singleton intrauterine pregnancy at 8+0 weeks’ gestation.