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3 results

  • Dynamic and aberrant patterns of H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 during early zygotic genome activation in cloned mouse embryos

  • Zhihui Liu, Jing Cui, Weiguo Wang, Mingyang Li, Zhisong Wang, Giorgio Antonio Presicce, Xiuchun (Cindy) Tian, Liyou An, Fuliang Du
  • Journal:
    Zygote / Volume 30 / Issue 6 / December 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    15 September 2022, pp. 903-909

  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) is associated with aberrant changes in epigenetic reprogramming that impede the development of embryos, particularly during zygotic genome activation. Here, we characterized epigenetic patterns of H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 in mouse NT embryos up to the second cell cycle (i.e. four-celled stage) during zygotic genome activation. In vivo fertilized and parthenogenetically activated (PA) embryos served as controls. In fertilized embryos, maternal and paternal pronuclei exhibited asymmetric H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 modifications, with the paternal pronucleus showing delayed epigenetic modifications. Higher levels of H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 were observed in NT and PA embryos than in fertilized embryos. However, NT embryos exhibited a lower level of H3K27me3 than PA and fertilized embryos from pronuclear stage 3 to the four-celled stage. Our finding that NT embryos exhibited aberrant H3K4me3, H3K9me3, and H3K27me3 modifications in comparison with fertilized embryos during early zygotic genome activation help to unravel the epigenetic mechanisms of methylation changes in early NT reprogramming and provide an insight into the role of histone H3 in the regulation of cell plasticity during natural reproduction and somatic cell NT.

  • 12 - Epigenetics in development and cloning by nuclear transfer: alternative approaches to nuclear reprogramming

  • from SECTION 2 - THE EMBRYO
  • Edited by Hilary Critchley, University of Edinburgh, Iain Cameron, University of Southampton, Stephen Smith
  • Book:
    Implantation and Early Development
    Published online:
    05 June 2014
    Print publication:
    01 June 2005, pp 141-154

  • Summary

    This chapter reviews epigenetic reprogramming during early development, describes the background to the technique of nuclear transfer (NT), and discusses the present knowledge on reprogramming in cloned embryos. The chapter focuses on nuclear modifications related to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and the strategies that have been developed to improve the efficiency of nuclear reprogramming. An analysis of nuclear structure remodelling has been made by the analysis of the structure of the nuclear envelop. Components of the oocyte cytoplasm are capable of inducing changes in nuclear architecture as well as modifications of the DNA and DNA-associated molecules, rendering the somatic chromatin amenable for reprogramming its gene expression. The ability of the egg to reprogramme the genome of a somatic cell, as occurs in animal cloning, is helpful to define the role of epigenetic control during embryonic development and cellular differentiation.