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5 - Monastic Vintages: The Economic Role of Wine in Egyptian Monasteries in the Sixth to Eighth Centuries
from II. - Production and Consumption of Food and Material Goods
- By Dorota Dzierzbicka
Edited by Louise Blanke, University of Edinburgh, Jennifer Cromwell, Manchester Metropolitan University
Book:

Monastic Economies in Late Antique Egypt and Palestine

Published online:

14 April 2023

Print publication:

20 April 2023, pp 129-151
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Summary

Monastic communities needed wine for individual consumption, as well as for liturgical purposes and payments in kind. Next to grain, wine was the most common commodity transported from different villages to monasteries, as we learn from invoices from Bawit, Wadi Sarga, and Edfu. It is therefore widely assumed that monasteries, especially the more affluent ones, owned vineyards. Following a brief overview of the purposes wine served in monasteries, this chapter presents and reassesses the evidence for monastic vineyard ownership and considers other options available to monks seeking to procure wine for their needs.

THE CERTAINTY OF TERM REQUIREMENT IN LEASES: NOTHING LASTS FOREVER
Ian Williams
Journal:

The Cambridge Law Journal / Volume 74 / Issue 3 / November 2015

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

24 August 2015, pp. 592-609

Print publication:

November 2015
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This article explains the rule that leases have a certain term from the outset by placing the lease within the wider context of the system of estates in land. There are no perpetual estates in land. However, some uncertain terms risk creating genuinely perpetual estates, conflicting with the nemo dat principle. All leases for uncertain terms cause considerable difficulties if a superior estate comes to an end. The article shows that the common law addressed this difficulty, not entirely consistently, before 1925, but there are still real difficulties in the operation of escheat were uncertain terms to be permitted.

United States v. P. W. Smith.
China.
Journal:

Annual Digest of Public International Law Cases / Volume 3 / 1929

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

01 January 2021, pp. 118-119

Print publication:

1929
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Leases — Leased Areas in China — Transfer of Sovereignty — Nature of Japanese Lease of the Liaotung Peninsula.