This chapter proceeds in four parts. The first part reviews the development of the Internet and e-commerce in China, as well as China’s experiences on e-commerce issues in WTO and beyond, especially in free trade agreements. The second part discusses the history of the e-commerce negotiations in the WTO, from the 1998 E-commerce Declaration and the Doha Declaration, to the joint statement in 2017 and the launch of the plurilateral Joint Statement Initiative negotiations in 2019, with China joining at the last minute. The third part analyses in detail China’s three submissions in the negotiations, as well as the most problematic issues for China. The chapter concludes with reflections on how the negotiations will unfold, especially how the main sticking points in China’s internet and data regulatory regime could be addressed. Why was China reluctant to participate in the e-commerce negotiation at first? Why did it change its position in 2019? What will be the main issues in the negotiation? What are the positions of China and how will its participation shape the negotiation? By answering these questions, this chapter provides a critical analysis of the data regulation of China, a world leader in the AI and data-driven economy.