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2 results

  • (b) - The Maghrib

  • from 19 - Islam and the Mediterranean
  • David Abulafia, University of Cambridge
  • Book:
    The New Cambridge Medieval History
    Published online:
    28 March 2008
    Print publication:
    21 October 1999, pp 622-635

  • Summary

    The triumph of Islam in the Maghrib was the victory of the pure faith of the Prophet over adawa, enmity to the Law on the part of pagans, Christians and Jews, and all Muslims blinded by the ramifications of traditional jurisprudence. The definition of the new faith was that of the great theologian al-Ghazali at the end of the eleventh century, as preached in the Maghrib at the beginning of the twelfth by the Mahdi Ibn Tumart. Less ominous but more serious in the long term was the situation in the eastern Maghrib or Ifriqiya, where the Almohads were faced with a mercurial enemy composed of Almoravids, Arabs and Turks. The creation of a new empire in the central Maghrib was a novel enterprise which threatened the monarchies of Ifriqiya and Morocco. In effect, the Moroccan sultan transferred his capital to his camp, which he built into a replacement for the city he had surrounded.

  • 10 - The Fatimid revolution (861–973) and its aftermath in North Africa

  • Edited by J. D. Fage
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of Africa
    Published online:
    28 March 2008
    Print publication:
    01 February 1979, pp 589-636

  • Summary

    In AD 861 the 'Abbasid Caliph Mutawakkil was murdered by the Turkish guard in the imperial capital of Samarra on the Tigris at the instigation of the heir to the throne, his son Muntasir. The Muslim population, including the beduin tribes and the army, was susceptible to agitation on behalf of Shi'ite pretenders. If Ibn Mudabbir's achievements were more than legendary, however, they are obscured by political events. The Fatimids had turned their attention to the west, even though, in 921, the Mahdi had taken up residence in a city built to promote the eastern enterprise. By the middle of the tenth century AD, the troubles which had afflicted both Islam and Christendom over the past hundred years had resulted in a new political order. The efforts of the Ifriqiyan navy had been directed against the western extremity of the Byzantine empire, in southern Italy.