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1 results

  • 7 - From Culture Wars to a World War

  • from Part III - Cataclysms (1941–1963)
  • Firoozeh Kashani-Sabet, University of Pennsylvania
  • Book:
    Heroes to Hostages
    Published online:
    03 August 2023
    Print publication:
    24 August 2023, pp 145-190

  • Summary

    In 1941, Iran watched its neutrality violated as Allied forces launched an amphibious attack on its borders. The invasion was described as a justified and necessary incursion on a country accused of harboring a German fifth column and of accommodating a small community of Italian and Japanese nationals. The offensive also proved the most efficient way of opening and controlling supply lines to the Soviet Union. America also deployed a large contingent of troops and several advisers. While Iran remained a hub of espionage during the war, the impact of the occupation had a serious impact on the daily lives of Iranians, who grappled with food shortages, imposing foreign soldiers in their communities, and a typhus epidemic. Iran emerged as a relatively small, but vital, player in the international conflict. However, it suffered tremendously, as the war generated domestic instability and unrest.