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  • 27 - Translation in the First Millennium

  • from Part VI - Translation in History
  • Edited by Kirsten Malmkjær, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Translation
    Published online:
    10 March 2022
    Print publication:
    17 March 2022, pp 537-555

  • Summary

    Chapter 27 covers the period from the beginning of the Christian Era to the advent of the Renaissance. The Eastern Roman and Byzantine, (Holy) Roman, Umayyad and Abbasid as well as Chinese empires, in addition to the Indian subcontinent, documented translation and interpreting activity during the millennium when expansionist empires and kingdoms rose and fell, and Silk Road trade flourished. Classical Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit and Arabic texts were revered and much translated, as were the texts of two religions founded during the period, Christianity and Islam. The Chinese invented the fabrication of paper early in the second century, which reduced the cost of producing translations.