This chapter examines Israel’s admission to the United Nations in May 1949 with a focus on now Israeli foreign minister Moshe Sharret’s (formerly Shertok) first speech to the UN in that capacity. Sharret recalled the history of international support and opposition to the Zionist project in the previous few years, and articulated Ben-Gurion’s hopes for good relations with the both the United States and the Soviet Union. In response to American criticism of Israeli policy, now prime minister Ben-Gurion told now US ambassador to Israel James McDonald that the Jews in Palestine and then Israel would have been in dire circumstances if they had been dependent on support from the United States

Religion, shared values, and history led American politicians to support the Zionist cause during the inter-war years. Presidents, politicians, and the American people supported the Zionist aspirations, although, it was only after the Second World War that the Americans became actively involved in Zionist affairs. During the inter-war years, the British government acted to fulfil the commitment it made in 1917 to help the Jews to establish a national home in Palestine. When the winds of war were blowing across Europe, the British began to back out of from the mandate and their commitments, and the Zionists turned to the United States for support. This marked a change in the Zionist attitude toward the United States – they wanted to see the United States extend its sponsorship of the Zionist enterprise. The ideological infrastructure for such a tutelage already existed; now the Zionists expected the Americans to act upon their ideology. During the war years, more promises were made than actions taken. However, when the war was over, and a new president, Harry S. Truman, occupied the White House, ideas inspired action, and President Truman acted to assist the Jews in attaining their goal of statehood.