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3 results

  • Chapter 6 - Safety and Security

  • David A. Ellis
  • Book:
    Smartphones within Psychological Science
    Published online:
    11 September 2020
    Print publication:
    24 September 2020, pp 138-162

  • Summary

    Much of the research discussed previously will have relied on participants consenting to have data collected from their smartphone. However, smartphones continue to pose an inherent security risk within and beyond research. They also provide ways in which criminals can operate and communicate across larger networks. Despite the majority of devices holding large quantities of personal information, many people continue to ignore advice when it comes to securing their device. This is particularly problematic when it comes to carrying out tasks on unsecured networks. Malware can also gain access to a smartphone and compromise its function.

    The popularity of smartphones provide another digital outlet for illegal data capture and this chapter will consider why, despite multiple security concerns, the majority of smartphone users and even large organisations are unable to recognise the importance of developing sound security practices. A second stand considers how psychologists and software developers are attempting to improve the security of existing devices and encourage security focused beahviours. While data in the digital age can be tremendously valuable for research purposes, developing good practice remains essential when developing software that collects sensitive data from smartphones and associated devices.

  • Cyber-victimisation and mental health in young people: a co-twin control study

  • Jessie R. Baldwin, Ziada Ayorech, Fruhling V. Rijsdijk, Tabea Schoeler, Jean-Baptiste Pingault
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 51 / Issue 15 / November 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    04 May 2020, pp. 2620-2630
  • Background

    The rise of social media use in young people has sparked concern about the impact of cyber-victimisation on mental health. Although cyber-victimisation is associated with mental health problems, it is not known whether such associations reflect genetic and environmental confounding.

    Methods

    We used the co-twin control design to test the direct association between cyber-victimisation and multiple domains of mental health in young people. Participants were 7708 twins drawn from the Twins Early Development Study, a UK-based population cohort followed from birth to age 22.

    Results

    Monozygotic twins exposed to greater levels of cyber-victimisation had more symptoms of internalising, externalising and psychotic disorders than their less victimised co-twins at age 22, even after accounting for face-to-face peer victimisation and prior mental health. However, effect sizes from the most stringent monozygotic co-twin control analyses were decreased by two thirds from associations at the individual level [pooled β across all mental health problems = 0.06 (95% CI 0.03–0.10) v. 0.17 (95% CI 0.15–0.19) in individual-level analyses].

    Conclusions

    Cyber-victimisation has a small direct association with multiple mental health problems in young people. However, a large part of the association between cyber-victimisation and mental health is due to pre-existing genetic and environmental vulnerabilities and co-occurring face-to-face victimisation. Therefore, preventative interventions should target cyber-victimisation in conjunction with pre-existing mental health vulnerabilities and other forms of victimisation.

  • Cyber-Bullying in Australian Schools: Profiles of Adolescent Coping and Insights for School Practitioners

  • J Lodge, E Frydenberg
  • Journal:
    The Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist / Volume 24 / Issue 1 / 2007
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 October 2015, pp. 45-58
    Print publication:
    2007

  • Cyber-bullying has emerged as the latest Permutation of school bullying. The growing number and the level of severity of cyber-bullying call for our educators, researchers, administrators, and authorities to take action. But before we can tackle this problem, a better understanding of the issue and how we can best support students is necessary. This study of 652 young people aged 11–17 years from Melbourne independent and state government schools, provides data on bullying that uses information and communication technologies (cyber-bullying), general bullying, and overall patterns of coping. Results revealed significant gender and school differences – with girls from independent schools reporting more cyber-bullying problems. These findings contrast with those of ‘real-world’(general) school bullying. Further analyses suggest that young people who are persistently victimised have most likely exhausted their strategies for responding. Of note, apprehensive and avoidant coping profiles exemplified girls reporting greater levels of cyber-bullying while boys reporting cyber-bullying problems were characterized by apprehensive, but active coping actions. The findings offer clear avenues of support for school practitioners and may also facilitate the identification of young people who are at high risk for negative outcomes.