Public service reform in the shape of collaborative governance is consistently promoted by statutory actors in Scotland and other high-income countries to help develop high-quality and efficient public services, responsive to peoples needs, but this notion contains a number of weaknesses. This chapter explores the potential of the capabilities approach (CA), conversion factors in particular, to achieve a more effective model for conceptualizing, driving and evaluating how public services operate, drawing on empirical work conducted by What Works Scotland. It argues that the CA provides an ethical framework for evaluating the role and function of public services in safeguarding peoples well-being and social justice, especially for those with fewest resources. Employing data from two research projects in areas of multiple deprivation, the impact of public service interventions is evaluated in terms of conversion factors, and how these shape outcomes for citizens and communities. The concept of structural conversion factors is an innovative response to criticism of the CA, and the chapter argues that this modification allows it to better confront the drivers of social injustice.

We present a table of useful physical constants and conversion factors.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

In a series of appendices we give a list of physical constants and conversion factors; we present some mathematical details and the special functions needed in the main text; we derive the Boltzmann equation for a curved universe and we compute the fluctuations of the luminosity distance. We also solve some of the exercises given in the main text.

The capability to be educated is arguably crucial for human development everywhere. The corresponding opportunities, processes and outcomes are therefore of global and national significance for sustainable development and more equal societies. The chapter explores the intrinsic and instrumental ways in which education matters in the capability approach for a life with well-being and agency freedoms and achievements. It goes on to consider the articulation of structural arrangements in society with fairness and equality in education, including how intersecting conversion factors reveal the relationship of resources, individual opportunity and social enablements or constraints, and the significance of context in shaping capabilities. The chapter asks whether we should put capabilities or functionings, or both, in the evaluative space when looking at education, and briefly, if we need normatively to select some core capabilities to underpin quality and flourishing in and through capability-facing education. Human capital for economic growth, which currently dominates education policies globally and nationally, is then discussed as a particular challenge to capabilities. Finally, the chapter considers aspirations in order to illustrate how these different aspects might come together in the space of education.