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6 results

  • Bradykinesia In Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

  • M. Pasquini, G. Fabbrini, G. Moretti, I. Berardelli, G. Mandarelli, R. Delle Chiaie, C. Leone, M. Biondi, A. Berardelli
  • Journal:
    European Psychiatry / Volume 25 / Issue 7 / November 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 April 2020, pp. 378-381
  • Objective

    To investigate the frequency of bradykinesia in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to see whether patients with OCD who also have bradykinesia display distinctive neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric features.

    Methods

    We studied 23 antipsychotic-free patients with OCD and 13 healthy controls. Bradykinesia was assessed with section III of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale. The Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scales-Revised (WAIS-R) was used to assess the Full Scale IQ and to measure visuospatial, visuoconstructional ability and psychomotor speed/mental slowness.

    Results

    Of the 23 patients with OCD studied, 8 (34%) had mild symptoms of bradykinesia. No relationship was found between bradykinesia and the sociodemographic variables assessed but this motor symptom was significantly associated with the severity of compulsions. Patients with bradykinesia differed from those without: they had a higher frequency of repeating compulsions, and lower IQ scores, performance scores, and WAIS-R subtest scores for similarities and picture completion. No significant differences were found between patients without bradykinesia and healthy controls in any test.

    Conclusions

    Clinical assessment of motor symptoms in adult patients with OCD often discloses mild bradykinesia sometimes associated with repeating compulsions and poor WAIS-R performance scores.

  • Antipsychotics, movement disorders and fine motor performances: new device for the measurement of bradykinesia and tremor

  • B.J.M. Jogems-Kosterman, A.J.M. Loonen, J.J.M. van Hoof, F.G. Zitman, W. Hulstijn
  • Journal:
    Acta Neuropsychiatrica / Volume 10 / Issue 4 / December 1998
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 September 2015, pp. 93-99

  • This article reviews the results of an exploratory study on the relationship between the ratings of bradykinesia, obtained by the Schedule for the Assessment of Drug-Induced Movement Disorders (SADIMoD), and the performances on writing and drawing tasks. The pen movements made during these tasks were recorded by means of an electronic digitizing tablet, a special electronic pen and a personal computer. This study was aimed at finding objective parameters for the severity of (antipsychotic-induced) bradykinesia. The results show that the writing tablet device is appropriate at finding movement variables that are related to the clinical ratings for bradykinesia: high scores for bradykinesia involved slowing on a number of duration measures during the execution of the writing and drawing tasks. We were also able to measure (postural) tremor by means of the writing tablet. However, an accelerometer seems to be more appropriate in this respect.

  • Case 27 - Frontotemporal lobar dementia vs. solvent intoxication: A piece that does not fit the puzzle

  • Edited by Serge Gauthier, McGill University, Montréal, Pedro Rosa-Neto, McGill University, Montréal
  • Book:
    Case Studies in Dementia
    Published online:
    16 May 2011
    Print publication:
    21 April 2011, pp 201-207

  • Summary

    This chapter talks about a 75-year-old retired sailor who was in very good overall physical condition. At the first assessment, the sailor reported a gradual cognitive decline, subjectively described as memory impairment, during the last 2 years. The neurologist diagnosed mild right-sided Parkinsonism in upper body, with tremor and bradykinesia, but no rigor. Walking was near normal, but he was unsteady on turning and had a pathological pull-test. This case presented with asymmetric Parkinsonism, and cognitive impairment was noted at the time of diagnosis. Thus, the important differential diagnoses were possible: dementia associated with Lewy Bodies (DLB) or Dementia associated with Parkinson's disease (PDD). DLB is characterized by dementia accompanied by idiopathic Parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuation, and persistent visual hallucinations. PDD and DLB have similar clinical presentation as well as underlying brain changes, and differentiation between the two syndromes is entirely based on the relative timing of Parkinsonism and cognitive impairment.

  • 13 - Parkinson's disease

  • from Part II - Neurological diseases
  • Albert Hofman, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Richard Mayeux, Columbia University, New York
  • Book:
    Investigating Neurological Disease
    Published online:
    29 September 2009
    Print publication:
    30 August 2001, pp 174-195

  • Summary

    Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most frequent progressive neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly. This chapter reviews the recent developments in epidemiologic research of PD. It discusses the risk factors, diagnosis, disease frequency, prognosis, intervention, and implications for clinical practice. Age is the most important risk factor for PD. Smoking is one of the determinants of PD that has been studied most frequently. For the diagnosis of PD, the postmortem neuropathologic examination of the brain is generally considered to be the gold standard. For the clinical diagnosis of PD, the generally accepted prerequisite is assessment of the presence of Parkinsonism, based on a combination of four typical clinical features, referred to as cardinal signs, that is, resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and impaired postural reflexes. The rate of deterioration of nigral cells is probably most prominent and curvilinear in the preclinical or very early phase of Parkinson's disease.

  • Scaling of movement velocity: A measure of neuromotor retardation in individuals with psychopathology

  • Michael P. Caligiuri, James B. Lohr, Robert K. Ruck
  • Journal:
    Psychophysiology / Volume 35 / Issue 4 / July 1998
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 July 1998, pp. 431-437
    Print publication:
    July 1998

  • The study of motor slowness based on observational methods has limitations. Whether motor retardation has a psychomotor or neuromotor basis is unclear because psychiatric and motor symptoms overlap. Observational methods lack the precision necessary to distinguish cognitive from motor processes. For the present study, we used an objective measure of neuromotor dysfunction to quantify the extent to which an individual programs movement velocity in anticipation of increasing target distance. Persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) or functional psychosis were studied with a group of healthy comparison subjects. Results indicated that the slope of the linear function relating velocity to distance was abnormal in the PD group and in approximately half of the psychosis group. Analyses revealed the measure to have high specificity and sensitivity. Weak correlations between velocity scaling and psychopathology support the neuromotor basis of the measure. We conclude that this measure of velocity scaling is relatively uninfluenced by cognitive factors that may underlie psychomotor retardation.

  • Scaling of movement velocity: A measure of neuromotor retardation in individuals with psychopathology

  • MICHAEL P. CALIGIURI, JAMES B. LOHR, ROBERT K. RUCK
  • Journal:
    Psychophysiology / Volume 35 / Issue 4 / July 1998
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 July 1998, pp. 431-437
    Print publication:
    July 1998

  • The study of motor slowness based on observational methods has limitations. Whether motor retardation has a psychomotor or neuromotor basis is unclear because psychiatric and motor symptoms overlap. Observational methods lack the precision necessary to distinguish cognitive from motor processes. For the present study, we used an objective measure of neuromotor dysfunction to quantify the extent to which an individual programs movement velocity in anticipation of increasing target distance. Persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) or functional psychosis were studied with a group of healthy comparison subjects. Results indicated that the slope of the linear function relating velocity to distance was abnormal in the PD group and in approximately half of the psychosis group. Analyses revealed the measure to have high specificity and sensitivity. Weak correlations between velocity scaling and psychopathology support the neuromotor basis of the measure. We conclude that this measure of velocity scaling is relatively uninfluenced by cognitive factors that may underlie psychomotor retardation.