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besleria formicaria

Journal of Tropical Ecology (1)

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Aspects of the morphology and ecology of two Panamanian ant-plants, Hoffmannia vesciculifera (Rubiaceae) and Besleria formicaria (Gesneriaceae)
Donald M. Windsor, Pierre Jolivet
Journal:

Journal of Tropical Ecology / Volume 12 / Issue 6 / November 1996

Published online by Cambridge University Press:

10 July 2009, pp. 835-842
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Two formicarial ant-plants endemic to Panama and adjacent areas of Costa Rica co-occur in mid-elevation cloud forest yet have distinctive modifications to house and feed small, retiring ants. Besleria formicaria (Gesneriaceae) hosts only Pheidole sp. which harvest the oil-rich seeds of its host and other plants and insect parts. Hoffmannia vesciculifera (Rubiaceae) hosts only Solenopsis sp. ants which obtain lipid and possibly other nutrients from vescicular tissues. Judging by their abundance in refuse deposits, fern sporangia appear to be a plentiful and evenly distributed resource exploited by both ant species.