In the greenhouse, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] at 0.6 kg ae/ha applied directly to seeds alone or seeds on the soil surface reduced germination and shoot dry weight of common rye (Secale cereale L. ♯3 SECCE). Paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) applied similarly at 0.6 kg ai/ha reduced germination and shoot dry weight of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L. ♯ BROTE) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Daws' ♯ TRZAX). Metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio)-as-triazin-5 (4H)-one] at 0.6 kg ai/ha applied to seeds, soil, or seeds and soil had very little effect on germination, but significantly reduced shoot dry weight of common rye, downy brome, wheat, and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host. ♯ AEGCY). Pronamide [3,5-dichloro(N-1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)benzamide] at 0.6 kg ai/ha, and propham (isopropyl carbanilate) at 3.4 kg ai/ha plus extender (p-chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate) at 0.4 kg ai/ha substantially reduced shoot height and dry weight of all species, regardless of application method, with pronamide completely inhibiting shoot elongation and dry-weight production in three of the four species.

Greenhouse studies determined the dose-responses of cheat, downy brome, Japanese brome, jointed goatgrass, and winter wheat to preplant-incorporated MON 37500 and its residual effects on kochia. Concentrations of MON 37500 up to 60 ppbw did not affect winter wheat. MON 37500 did not prevent weed emergence, but increasingly inhibited weed growth as the dose was increased up to about 20 ppbw. GR50 values were 16, 16, 11, and 31 ppbw for cheat, downy brome, Japanese brome, and jointed goatgrass, respectively. Japanese brome was more susceptible than cheat or downy brome, and jointed goatgrass tolerated two to three times more MON 37500 than the Bromus species. Plant dry weights of kochia seeded after removal of the winter annual grasses decreased with increasing initial MON 37500 concentrations up to 20 ppbw. Kochia density was influenced by which winter annual grass was grown previously.