In this work we describe Actinia ebhayiensis sp. nov. from South Africa. The species is externally similar to the type species of the genus, Actinia equina, from which it can be distinguished by nematocyst and allozyme data. Actinia ebhayiensis has a smooth, red column, with well-delimited parapet leading to a deep fosse where conspicuous blue acrorhagi can be found. Tentacles and oral disc are crimson red, and the pedal disc has a lighter pink colour. The microbasic p-mastigophores and b-mastigophores of the mesenterial filaments of the new species are significantly smaller than those of A. equina. Actinia ebhayiensis can also be clearly distinguished from other species of the genus in nematocyst measurements, genetic data and muscle morphology.
