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4 results

  • 9 - Cognitive, Behavioral, and Acceptance-Based Psychotherapies

  • Douglas A. Bernstein, University of South Florida, Bethany A. Teachman, University of Virginia, Bunmi O. Olatunji, Vanderbilt University, Andres De Los Reyes, University of Maryland
  • Book:
    Introduction to Clinical Psychology
    Published online:
    31 October 2024
    Print publication:
    31 October 2024, pp 221-248

  • Summary

    This chapter describes approaches to psychotherapy that grew from learning theory and cognitive psychology, as well as acceptance-based approaches that have a long history in Eastern faiths and philosophies. They are frequently combined in practice and share a strong record of empirical support for their efficacy. The chapter describes behavior therapists’ use of learning-based techniques designed to identify and change maladaptive behavior, and cognitive therapists’ efforts to change clients’ unhelpful thinking patterns about events and themselves that serve to maintain many disorders. The chapter also explains that because behavioral and cognitive approaches are compatible, they are often combined into various forms of cognitive behavior therapy, which is one of today’s most popular approaches to psychological treatment. The chapter also describes acceptance-based approaches, which are central to acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and mindfulness treatments, all of which emphasize the value of accepting thoughts, feelings, and experiences (even negative ones) and learning how to observe reactions without judging them.

  • Environmental identity-based therapies for climate distress: applying cognitive behavioural approaches

  • Part of
  • Thomas Doherty, Salvia Artman, Jesse Homan, Jennifer Keluskar, Kristi E. White
  • Journal:
    The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist / Volume 17 / 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    30 October 2024, e29
    • Article
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  • Abstract

    This paper describes an interdisciplinary integration of the concept of environmental identity into cognitive behavioural approaches to facilitate psychotherapy interventions for climate distress. Environmental identity encompasses one’s sense of self in relation to the natural world and other species, and is an important sub-identity analogous to gender, sexual and other forms of self and social identity recognized in psychotherapy. We provide a background on the construct of environmental identity as developed in social and environmental psychology and share culturally responsive methods for mental health practitioners and the public to evoke and explore their own environmental identity. We then discuss steps to create environmental identity-based therapy interventions using cognitive and behavioural approaches for climate distress. We highlight the potential for acceptance and commitment therapy to foster mindfulness and values-based action, dialectical behaviour therapy to support emotional regulation, and radically open dialectical behaviour therapy to mitigate perfectionism and over-controlled coping styles. We also describe a composite case study of environmental identity-based cognitive behavioural therapy for an LGBTQ+ client.

    Key learning aims

    1. (1) The paper presents new opportunities and techniques for adapting cognitive behavioural interventions in a climate conscious manner, with insights and observations from the authors based on clinical practice, which informs research into psychotherapy best practices in the context of environmental and climate issues.

    2. (2) Readers will become familiar with the empirical basis of environmental identity drawn from theory and research in social and environmental psychology; how environmental experiences and values intersect with other forms of personal and social identity addressed in mental health practice; and culturally responsive ways to elicit environmental identity on the part of practitioners and those they serve.

    3. (3) Readers are guided through examples of environmental identity-based cognitive and behavioural interventions including (1) promoting values-based action using acceptance and commitment therapy, (2) addressing emotional dysregulation using dialectical behaviour therapy, and (3) modifying over-controlled or perfectionistic coping styles using radically open dialectical behaviour therapy.

    4. (4) A composite case study provides an example of environmental identity-based cognitive behavioural therapy for a 20-year-old LGBTQ+ person experiencing climate distress.

  • Ameliorating Patient Stigma Amongst Staff Working With Personality Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial of Self-Management Versus Skills Training

  • Sue Clarke, Georgina Taylor, Helen Bolderston, Joanna Lancaster, Bob Remington
  • Journal:
    Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy / Volume 43 / Issue 6 / November 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 November 2014, pp. 692-704
    Print publication:
    November 2015

  • Background: Patients diagnosed with a personality disorder (PD) are often stigmatized by the healthcare staff who treat them. Aims: This study aimed to compare the impact on front-line staff of a self-management Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-based training intervention (ACTr) with a knowledge- and skills-based Dialectical Behaviour Training intervention (DBTr). Method: A service-based randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing the effects of 2-day ACTr (N = 53) and DBTr (N = 47) staff workshops over 6 months. Primary outcome measures were staff attitudes towards patients and staff-patient relationships. Results: For both interventions, staff attitudes, therapeutic relationship, and social distancing all improved pre- to postintervention, and these changes were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Although offering different resources to staff, both ACTr and DBTr were associated with an improved disposition towards PD patients. Future research could evaluate a combined approach, both for staff working with PD patients and those working with other stigmatized groups.

  • A Four-Session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Based Intervention for Depressive Symptoms Delivered by Masters Degree Level Psychology Students: A Preliminary Study

  • Aino Kohtala, Raimo Lappalainen, Laura Savonen, Elina Timo, Asko Tolvanen
  • Journal:
    Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy / Volume 43 / Issue 3 / May 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 November 2013, pp. 360-373
    Print publication:
    May 2015

  • Background: Depressive symptoms are one of the main reasons for seeking psychological help. Shorter interventions using briefly trained therapists could offer a solution to the ever-rising need for early and easily applicable psychological treatments. Aims: The current study examines the effectiveness of a four-session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based treatment for self-reported depressive symptoms administered by Masters level psychology students. Method: This paper reports the effectiveness of a brief intervention compared to a waiting list control (WLC) group. Participants were randomized into two groups: ACT (n = 28) and waiting list (n = 29). Long-term effects were examined using a 6-month follow-up. Results: The treatment group's level of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory) decreased by an average of 47%, compared to an average decrease of 4% in the WLC group. Changes in psychological well-being in the ACT group were better throughout, and treatment outcomes were maintained after 6 months. The posttreatment “between-group” and follow-up “with-in group” effect sizes (Cohen's d) were large to medium for depressive symptoms and psychological flexibility. Conclusions: The results support the brief ACT-based intervention for sub-clinical depressive symptoms when treatment was conducted by briefly trained psychology students. It also contributes to the growing body of evidence on brief ACT-based treatments and inexperienced therapists.