Recent scholarship dealing with Renaissance literary criticism has unduly neglected a very significant commentary on the Poetics, the Annotationi nel libro de la Poetica d'Aristotele by the Sienese humanist Alessandro Piccolomini. This commentary has, indeed, drawn the attention of Ebner, Saintsbury, Spingarn, Guerrieri-Crocetti, and Croce, but only in an incidental or fragmentary manner. Maria Rossi, in her monograph on Piccolomini, rehashed for the most part the comments made by Ebner in the nine pages she devoted to the Annotationi. Subsequently, Prof. Toffanin, in propounding his theory that Italian romanticism can be traced back to the sixteenth century, distorted the meaning of the Annotationi in order to make Piccolomini a precursor of Vico and Manzoni.