United Nations Security Council Resolutions 2646-2657 United Nations Security Council Resolutions are available at: <https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/resolutions-0>
- Resolution 2646 (July 28, 2022) –
The Security Council underscored the important role of the United Nations “in assisting the parties to bring the Cyprus conflict and division of the island to a comprehensive and durable settlement with a sense of urgency.” It reaffirmed its relevant resolutions on Cyprus and “fully support[ed] the Secretary-General's ongoing engagement with the sides.” The Council called on the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders to urgently take a number of actions, including to “continue to reinvigorate their efforts to provide the necessary support and overall guidance to free the Technical Committees from political obstructions in their work and enable them to function effectively in coordination and cooperation on matters which have island-wide implications” and to “improve the public atmosphere for negotiation to secure a settlement, including by preparing the communities for a settlement through public messages on the way ahead, and delivering more constructive and harmonised messages.” The Council noted with regret “the ongoing lack of meaningful participation of women's organisations and youth in the Settlement process, but welcome[d] the adoption and launch of the Action Plan on women's full, equal and meaningful participation in the settlement process, to support and encourage engagement with civil society.” The Council furthermore “deeply regret[ted] the lack of progress on an effective mechanism for direct military contacts between the sides and the relevant involved parties, and urges flexibility and engagement by the sides and the relevant involved parties, facilitated by [the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus] UNFICYP, to develop a suitably acceptable proposal on the establishment of such a mechanism, and its timely implementation.” The Council extended the mandate of UNFICYP until January 31, 2023.
- Resolution 2647 (July 28, 2022) –
The Security Council “reaffirm[ed] its strong commitment to a Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process, facilitated by the United Nations, to create a path to hold free, fair and inclusive national presidential and parliamentary elections in Libya as soon as possible.” It extended the mandate of the UN Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) to October 31, 2022 and it “reiterate[d] its decision that UNSMIL should be led by a Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG), in Tripoli, supported by two Deputy Special Representatives of the Secretary-General, and call[ed] upon the Secretary-General to appoint a SRSG promptly.” It called upon all parties to cease any action that “could undermine the political process” or the October 23, 2020 ceasefire, and it “urge[d] all member states to respect fully the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity of Libya.”
- Resolution 2648 (July 29, 2022) –
The Security Council recalled all previous resolutions, and Presidential and press statements on the situation in the Central African Republic (CAR) and “welcome[d] the efforts made by the CAR authorities, in coordination with their regional and international partners, to advance the reform of the security sector,” but “condemn[e] cross-border criminal activities.” Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, it “decide[d] that, until 31 July 2023, all Member States shall continue to take the necessary measures to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or transfer to the CAR, from or through their territories or by their nationals, or using their flag vessels or aircraft, of arms and related materiel of all types” and indicated a list of exceptions to such measures. It also renewed until July 31, 2023, a number of measures set out in previous resolutions, including resolution 2399 (2018), 2488 (2019), 2536 (2020), and 2588 (2021). The Council extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until August 31, 2023, and urged all parties, member states, and international, subregional, and regional organizations to cooperate with the Panel.
- Resolution 2649 (August 30, 2022) –
The Security Council “reaffirm[ed] its strong commitment to the sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity of Mali” and “reiterate[d] that the United Nations, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and other international partners remain firmly committed to the implementation of the Agreement [on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali].” It “express[ed] great concern at the violent and unilateral actions taken by non-State actors in Mali hampering the return of State authority and basic social services” as well as “strongly condemn[ed] the activities in Mali and the Sahel region of ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida-linked terrorist organizations” and “all abuses and violations of human rights and violations of international humanitarian law in Mali.” Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the Security Council renewed the measures set out in paragraphs 1 through 7 of resolution 2374 (2017) until August 31, 2023 and “welcome[d] the designation by the Malian authorities of a focal point responsible for communication with the Committee established pursuant to resolution 2374 (2017) with respect to the implementation of the measures mentioned in paragraph 1 of this resolution.” It also extended the mandate of the Panel of Experts until September 30, 2023.
- Resolution 2650 (August 31, 2022) –
In relation to Lebanon and the explosions in Beirut on August 4, 2020, the Security Council extended until August 31, 2023, the mandate of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and “commend[ed] its positive role.” The Council reiterated its call for a permanent ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon. It also “reiterate[d] its call for the Government of Lebanon to present a plan to increase its naval capabilities as soon as possible” and for it “to accelerate its deployment of a model regiment and an offshore patrol vessel in UNIFIL's area of operations to advance the implementation of resolution 1701 (2006).” The Council condemned violations of the Blue Line and “welcome[d] the constructive role played by the Tripartite Mechanism in facilitating coordination and in de-escalating tensions.” In response to a request from Lebanon that the UN deploy an international force to help Lebanon exercise authority in the territory, the Security Council “recall[ed] its authorization to UNIFIL to take all necessary action in areas of deployment of its forces as it deems within its capabilities, to ensure that its area of operations is not utilized for hostile activities of any kind, to resist attempts by forceful means to prevent it from discharging its duties . . . and . . . to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence.”
- Resolution 2651 (September 15, 2022) –
The Security Council “welcom[ed] the considerable efforts of the Government of Iraq to defeat ISIL (Da'esh)” and “underscore[ed] the importance of sharing evidence collected by the Investigative Team . . . with the relevant Iraqi authorities, in a timely manner, for eventual use in fair and independent criminal proceedings.” The Council reaffirmed its resolution that the Investigative Team be led by a Special Adviser and extended the mandate of the Special Adviser and the Team until September 12, 2022.
- Resolution 2652 (September 29, 2022) –
The Security Council “condemn[ed] all acts of migrant smuggling and human trafficking into, through and from the Libyan territory and off the coast of Libya” and renewed a number of authorizations set forth in resolution 2240 (2015) for another twelve months, as well as the reporting requests set out in paragraph 17 of that resolution.
- Resolution 2653 (October 21, 2022) –
In reaffirming its strong commitment to Haiti's sovereignty and its previous resolutions on Haiti, the Security Council “not[ed] with deep concern the protracted and deteriorating political, institutional, economic, security, human rights, humanitarian and food security crises in Haiti and reaffirm[ed] the commitment of the international community to continue to support the people of Haiti.” Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter, the Council “demand[ed] an immediate cessation of violence, criminal activities, and human rights abuses which undermine the peace, stability and security of Haiti and the region.” It instituted a travel ban on “any individuals designated by the Committee established” in paragraph 19 of the current resolution, as well as an asset freeze for individuals and entities and a targeted arms embargo. Each of these measures is for an initial period of one year. The resolution also provides the sanctions designation criteria and establishes a Sanctions Committee.
- Resolution 2654 (October 27, 2022) –
Recalling its previous resolutions on Western Sahara and “reaffirming its strong support for the efforts of the Secretary-General and his Personal Envoy to implement [various resolutions],” the Security Council “note[d] with deep concern the breakdown of the ceasefire” and “the violation of agreements made with the UN.” The Council also noted “the continued hardships faced by Sahrawi refugees, their dependency on external humanitarian assistance, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.” The Council extended the mandate of the UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until October 31, 2023, and “emphasize[d] the need to achieve a realistic, practicable, enduring and mutually acceptable political solution to the question of Western Sahara based on compromise and the importance of aligning the strategic focus of MINURSO and orienting resources of the United Nations to this end.” The Council called upon all parties to resume negotiations in good faith and invited member states “to lend appropriate assistance and support” to the negotiations. The Council also encouraged the parties to fully cooperate with the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees and urged member states “o provide new and additional voluntary contributions to fund food programmes to ensure that the humanitarian needs of refugees are adequately addressed and avoid reductions in food rations.”
- Resolution 2655 (October 27, 2022) –
The Security Council extended the mandate of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia under October 31, 2023. The Mission is tasked with verifying the implementation of sections 3.2 and 3.4 of the Final Agreement.
- Resolution 2656 (October 28, 2022) –
Regarding the situation in Libya, the Security Council “express[ed] concern at the threat posed by the diversion and proliferation of arms and ammunition in Libya” and at the humanitarian situation in Libya. It extended the mandate of the UN Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) and “reiterate[d] its request for UNSMIL to implement the recommendations of the Independent Strategic Review.” It noted with regret that a number of objectives in the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum Roadmap have not yet been met, including principles relating to financial responsibility and anti-corruption. It urged all parties to fully implement the October 23, 2020 ceasefire agreement and the Action Plan of October 8, 2021.
- Resolution 2657 (October 31, 2022) –
Regarding the situation in Somalia, the Security Council extended the mandate of the UN Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) until October 31, 2023, and welcomed a strategic review of the Mission. The Council encouraged UNSOM to support Somalia in a number of ways, including the protection of civilians and communities in areas that are the focus of military operations and supporting “Somali civilian leadership, ownership and oversight in the planning and coordination of stabilization efforts.” The Council encouraged the Federal Government of Somalia “to deepen cooperation and collaboration at all levels, to,” for example, implement the National Security Architecture, promote the equal and effective participation of women at all levels of decision making, and uphold the rights of freedom of expression, association, peaceful assembly, and movement. The Council expressed concern regarding “six grave violations against children” as noted in the Secretary-General's annual report on children and armed conflict and demanded that all parties take measures to end abuses against children and hold to account those responsible for them. The Council “strongly condemn[ed] any misuse or obstruction of humanitarian assistance” and “recall[ed] the need for the [Federal Government of Somalia] to continue to establish and operationalize the National Human Rights Commission, the Constitutional Court and the Judicial Service Commission in line with the Provisional Constitution.”
