Learning Objectives: As the frequently encountered condition of the cholesteatoma visible but out of reach in TEES with conventional instruments, the curved instruments and angular endoscopes are gradually developed and adopted in clinical practice. The cadaveric practice is essential to get used to operate together with curved instruments and angular endoscopes in narrower EAC of asian people. The frontal sinus FESS-like posture not only place the endoscope at safer place of hypotympanum but also acquire more operation fields of attic/antrum and prevent doing harm to facial nerve and stapes as the conflict of endoscope and instrument in right ear surgery. With flexible-tip endoscope inspection of attic/antrum and regular post-operative follow up, the minimal invasive TEES, a.k.a Functional EES cholesteatoma surgery could be achieved on the limited cholesteatoma, increasing proportion in the developed country like Taiwan.

As the frequently encountered condition of the cholesteatoma visible but out of reach in TEES with conventional instruments, the curved instruments and angular endoscopes are gradually developed and adopted in clinical practice. The cadaveric practice is essential to get used to operate together with curved instruments and angular endoscopes in narrower EAC of asian people. The frontal sinus FESS-like posture not only place the endoscope at safer place of hypotympanum but also acquire more operation fields of attic/antrum and prevent doing harm to facial nerve and stapes as the conflict of endoscope and instrument in right ear surgery. With flexible-tip endoscope inspection of attic/antrum and regular post-operative follow up, the minimal invasive TEES, a.k.a Functional EES cholesteatoma surgery could be achieved on the limited cholesteatoma, increasing proportion in the developed country like Taiwan.