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Accepted manuscript

Baseline survey reveals glyphosate and dicamba resistance in broadleaf weeds before sugar beet trait introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2024

André Lucas Simões Araujo Open the ORCID record for André Lucas Simões Araujo [Opens in a new window] ,
Eric P. Westra Open the ORCID record for Eric P. Westra [Opens in a new window] ,
Lovreet Shergill Open the ORCID record for Lovreet Shergill [Opens in a new window]  and
Todd A. Gaines Open the ORCID record for Todd A. Gaines [Opens in a new window]
André Lucas Simões Araujo
Affiliation:
Graduate student, Colorado State University, Agricultural Biology Department, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, CO, USA
Eric P. Westra
Affiliation:
Research Assistant Professor, Utah State University, Plants, Soils & Climate (PSC), 4820 Old Main Hill AGRS Logan, 84322-0001, UT, USA
Lovreet Shergill
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Montana State University, Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT, USA Assistant Professor, Colorado State University, Agricultural Biology Department, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, CO, USA
Todd A. Gaines*
Affiliation:
Professor, Colorado State University, Agricultural Biology Department, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, CO, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Todd Gaines, Professor (ORCID: 0000-0003-1485-7665), Colorado State University, Agricultural Biology Department, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, CO, USA. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

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A pre-launch survey of broadleaf weeds was conducted to predict the weed management efficacy of a novel genetically engineered sugar beet with resistance traits for glyphosate, dicamba, and glufosinate. We targeted problematic broadleaf weed species prevalent in the sugar beet system, including kochia, common lambsquarters, Palmer amaranth, and redroot pigweed across sugar beet areas in Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming. The results revealed that a significant percentage of kochia populations in Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming exhibited resistance to glyphosate (94%, 98%, and 75%, respectively) and dicamba (30%, 42%, and 17%, respectively). Palmer amaranth populations had resistance frequencies for glyphosate and dicamba of 80% and 20% in Colorado and 20% and 3% in Nebraska, respectively. No resistance to the tested herbicides was identified in common lambsquarters or redroot pigweed. Glufosinate resistance was not identified for any species. Kochia and Palmer amaranth populations from Colorado and Nebraska exhibited glyphosate resistance primarily through 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene amplification. However, one glyphosate-resistant kochia population from Wyoming lacked EPSPS gene amplification, indicating the presence of an alternative resistance mechanism. We identified the previously characterized IAA16 G73N substitution in a dicamba-resistant kochia population from Nebraska. However, dicamba-resistant kochia populations from Colorado did not possess this substitution, suggesting an alternative, yet-to-be-determined resistance mechanism. The widespread prevalence of glyphosate and dicamba resistance, coupled with the emergence of novel resistance mechanisms, poses a significant challenge to the long-term efficacy of this novel genetically engineered sugar beet technology. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrated weed management (IWM) strategies that diversify effective herbicide sites-of-action and incorporate alternative weed management practices within cropping systems.

Keywords

Triple-stack eventkochiaPalmer amaranthcommon lambsquartersauxin herbicide
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Accepted manuscript , pp. 1 - 37
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2024