Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T13:42:24.939Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of Chemical Treatment and Fusarium oxysporum on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Robert J. Kremer  and
Lisa K. Schulte
Robert J. Kremer
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Crop Syst. Water Qual. Res. Unit, Univ. Mo., Columbia, MO 65211
Lisa K. Schulte
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Univ. Mo., Columbia, MO 65211
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Germination stimulants were tested for effectiveness on velvetleaf seed imbibition and germination and concurrent microbial attack of seed to deplete weed seed in soil. Several chemicals increased in vitro seed germination and decreased the numbers of hard, viable seed. The proportion of nonviable seed, 5% with Fusarium oxysporum (Schlech.), was enhanced to 40% by adding ethephon at 100 μg/ml. Fungal density on seedling roots and imbibed (nonviable seed) was increased by chemical treatment. Seedling emergence was reduced 15% when ethephon or carbofuran was applied to soil with the fungus. Shoot dry weight decreased and root infection increased with all treatments regardless of fungal inoculation. Butylate and carbofuran increased infection of imbibed seed in soil by F. oxysporum while ethephon and AC94377 increased infection by other soil fungi.

Keywords

AC94377, 1-(3-chlorophthalimido)-cyclohexane carboximidebutylate, S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl)carbamothioatecarbofuran, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamateethephon, (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acidvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. #3 ABUTHPesticide-microorganism interactionsintegrated weed managementweed biocontrolbutylateethephonAC94377ABUTH
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 3 , Issue 2 , June 1989 , pp. 369 - 374
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Altman, J., and Campbell, C. L. 1977. Effect of herbicides on plant diseases. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 15:361–385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Altman, J., and Campbell, G. L. 1977. Pesticide-plant disease interactions: effect of cycloate on sugar beet damping-off induced by Rhizoctonia so lani . Phytopathology 67:1163–1165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3. Bradow, J. M. 1986. Germination promotion in dormant shepherdspurse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) seeds by strigol analogs and other stimulants. Weed Sci. 34:1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Curl, E. A., and Rodriguez-Kabana, R. 1986. Herbicide-plant disease relationships. p. 429–455 in Camper, N. D., ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. South. Weed Sci. Soc., Champaign, IL.Google Scholar
5. Cutler, H. G. 1986. Isolating, characterizing, and screening mycotoxins for herbicidal activity. p. 147–170 in Putnam, A. R. and Tang, C., ed. The Science of Allelopathy. John Wiley & Sons, New York.Google Scholar
6. Donald, W. W., and Hoerauf, R. A. 1985. Enhanced germination and emergence of dormant wild mustard seed by two substituted phthalimides. Weed Sci. 33:894–902.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Fawcett, R. S., and Slife, F. W. 1975. Germination stimulation properties of carbamate herbicides. Weed Sci. 23:419–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Fawcett, R. S., and Slife, F. W. 1978. Effects of field application of nitrate on weed seed germination and dormancy. Weed Sci. 26:594–596.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Greaves, M. P., and Sargent, J. A. 1986. Herbicide-induced microbial invasion of plant roots. Weed Sci. 34(Suppl. 1): 50–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Horowitz, M., and Taylorson, R. B. 1985. Behavior of hard and permeable seeds of Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (velvetleaf). Weed Res. 25:363–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Katan, J., and Eshel, Y. 1973. Interactions between herbicides and plant pathogens. Residue Rev. 45:145–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Kremer, R. J. 1986. Antimicrobial activity of velvetleaf seeds. Weed Sci. 34:617–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Kremer, R. J., Hughes, L. B. Jr., and Aldrich, R. J. 1984. Examination of microorganisms and deterioration resistance mechanisms associated with velvetleaf seed. Agron. J. 76:745–749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Metzger, J. D. 1983. Promotion of germination of dormant weed seeds by substituted phthalimides and gibberelic acid. Weed Sci. 31:285–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15. Nilsson, H. E. 1977. Influence of herbicides on infection by Verticillium dahliae on oil seed rape, Brassica napus var. oleifera . Phytopathol. Z. 90:361–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16. Rolston, M. P. 1978. Water impermeable seed dormancy. Bot. Rev. 44:365–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Saini, H. S., Bassi, P. K., and Spencer, M. S. 1986. Use of ethylene and nitrate to break seed dormancy of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Sci. 34:502–506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Spencer, N. R. 1984. Velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae), history and economic impact in the United States. Econ. Bot. 38:407–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19. Weidemann, G. J., and Templeton, G. E. 1988. Control of Texas gourd, Cucurbita texana, with Fusarium so lani f. sp. cucurbitae . Weed Technol. 2:271–274.Google Scholar
20. Wyse, D. L., Meggitt, W. F., and Penner, D. 1976. Effect of herbicides on the development of root rot on navy bean. Weed Sci. 24:11–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar