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Control of Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus) and Associated Weeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Samunder Singh ,
Ashok Yadav ,
Rajender S. Balyan ,
Ram K. Malik  and
Megh Singh
Samunder Singh*
Affiliation:
Weed Control, Agronomy Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
Ashok Yadav
Affiliation:
Weed Control, Agronomy Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
Rajender S. Balyan
Affiliation:
Weed Science, Agronomy Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
Ram K. Malik
Affiliation:
Weed Science, Agronomy Department, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
Megh Singh
Affiliation:
Weed Science, University of Florida–IFAS, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL 33850
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate control of 90- to 100-cm-tall ragweed parthenium in a noncropped situation in Haryana State, India, during 2000 and 2001. Atrazine, 2,4-D ethyl ester, atrazine plus 2,4-D, metribuzin, metsulfuron, chlorimuron, glufosinate with and without surfactant, glyphosate with and without surfactant, and glyphosate formulations MON 8793 and 8794 were sprayed on ragweed parthenium. Also, the effect of water quality was studied with flat-fan and flood-fan nozzles using glyphosate and its formulation MON 8793 against ragweed parthenium and associated weeds. Glyphosate MON 8793 and 8794 at 3.6 kg ae/ha provided excellent control of ragweed parthenium followed by glyphosate at 2.7 or 5.4 kg/ha, with no recovery until 18 wk after treatment (WAT). Addition of 0.1% v/v surfactant (MON 0818) to glyphosate at 2.7 kg/ha provided similar control to that of glyphosate alone at 5.4 kg/ha. Other herbicides failed to provide satisfactory control of ragweed parthenium. In the water quality study, glyphosate at 2.7 and 5.4 kg/ha and glyphosate MON 8793 at 2.7 and 3.6 kg/ha provided similar control of ragweed parthenium at 18 WAT. Glyphosate was antagonized less by tap water (0.45 mM Ca) than canal (0.7 mM Ca) and hand-pump water (1 mM Ca). Neither glyphosate nor glyphosate MON 8793 provided good control of purple nutsedge, velvetleaf, garden spurge, threelobe false mallow, jimsonweed, giant milkweed, Indian jujube, or tropical spiderwort, but crowfootgrass, green foxtail, sprawling signalgrass, and spiny amaranth were controlled. Glyphosate at 5.4 kg/ha and glyphosate MON 8793 at 3.6 kg/ha provided more than 80% control of bermudagrass at 8 WAT, which was significantly better than the 2.7 kg/ha rate. Flat-fan nozzles provided better efficacy of applied herbicides than flood-fan nozzles at 4 WAT on ragweed parthenium.

Keywords

Atrazinechlorimuron-ethylglufosinateglyphosateglyphosate MON 8793glyphosate MON 8794metribuzinmetsulfuron-methyl2,4-Dragweed parthenium, Parthenium hysterophorus L. # PTNHYbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAcrowfootgrass, Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Beauv. # DTTAEgarden spurge, Euphorbia hirta L. # EPHHIgiant milkweed, Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br.green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIIndian jujube, Zizyphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight. & Arn.jimsonweed, Datura stramonium L. # DATSTpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. # CYPROspiny amaranth, Amaranthus spinosus L. # AMASPthreelobe false mallow, Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke.velvetleaf, Abutilon bidentatum L.Application stageglyphosate formulationsnozzle typessurfactantwater qualityDAT, days after treatmentWAT, weeks after treatmentEC, electrical conductivity
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 658 - 664
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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