Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T03:18:13.647Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Competition of Spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata) and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) with Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) During Simulated Drought and Recovery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David T. Patterson  and
Maxine T. Highsmith
David T. Patterson
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27706
Maxine T. Highsmith
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27706
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Cotton was grown alone (one plant/pot), in intraspecific competition (two plants/pot), and in interspecific competition with spurred anoda and velvetleaf in controlled-environment chambers, subjected to water stress by withholding water, and allowed to recover before the final harvest. Minimum leaf water potential reached during the drought period ranged from −1.87 MPa in cotton grown alone to −2.63 MPa in velvetleaf grown in intraspecific competition. Water stress reduced plant height, total dry weight, and leaf area in all species, compared to well-watered controls. Reductions in cotton growth due to intra- or interspecific competition were evident by 11 days following the onset of competition. The competitive impact of both weeds tended to increase with time. Growth reductions in cotton due to competition were associated primarily with reductions in leaf area duration; during drought the net assimilation rate also was reduced. Relative yields of cotton confirmed that interspecific competition from the weeds was more severe than intraspecific competition. Imposed drought did not affect the relative competitive abilities of the three species or the impact of the weeds on cotton.

Keywords

Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Coker 315′spurred anoda, Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. ♯3 ANVCRvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. ♯ ABUTHWater stresscompetitiongrowth analysisABUTHANVCR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 37 , Issue 5 , September 1989 , pp. 658 - 664
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Begg, J. E. and Turner, N. C. 1976. Crop water deficits. Adv. Agron. 28: 161–217.Google Scholar
2. Bloomberg, J. R., Kirkpatrick, B. L., and Wax, L. M. 1982. Competition of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) with soybean (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 30:507–513.Google Scholar
3. Boyer, J. S. 1982. Plant productivity and environment. Science 218:443–448.Google Scholar
4. Davis, R. G., Wiese, A.F., and Pafford, J. L. 1965. Root moisture extraction profiles of various weeds. Weeds 13:98–100.Google Scholar
5. Dekker, J. H., Meggitt, W. F., and Putnam, A. R. 1983. Experimental methodologies to evaluate allelopathic plant interactions. J. Chem. Ecol. 9:945–981.Google Scholar
6. Donald, C. M. 1963. Competition among crop and pasture plants. Adv. Agron. 15:1–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Downs, R. J. and Hellmers, H. 1975. Page 112 in Environment and the Experimental Control of Plant Growth. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
8. Fabricius, L. J. and Nalewaja, J. D. 1968. Competition between wheat and wild buckwheat. Weed Sci. 16:204–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Flint, E. P., Patterson, D. T., and Beyers, J. L. 1983. Interference and temperature effects on growth of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), spurred anoda (Anoda cristata), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci. 31:892–898.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Geddes, R. D., Scott, H. D., and Oliver, L. R. 1979. Growth and water use by common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) and soybeans (Glycine max) under field conditions. Weed Sci. 27:206–212.Google Scholar
11. Gruenhagen, R. D. and Nalewaja, J. D. 1969. Competition between flax and wild buckwheat. Weed Sci. 17:380–384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Hagood, E. S. Jr., Bauman, T. T., Williams, J. L. Jr., and Schreiber, M. M. 1980. Growth analysis of soybeans (Glycine max) in competition with velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci. 28:729–734.Google Scholar
13. Hagood, E. S. Jr., Bauman, T. T., Williams, J. L. Jr., and Schreiber, M. M. 1981. Growth analysis of soybeans (Glycine max) in competition with jimsonweed (Datura stramonium). Weed Sci. 29:500–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Jackson, L. A., Kapusta, G., and Schutte-Mason, D. J. 1985. Effect of duration and type of natural weed infestations on soybean yield. Agron. J. 77:725–729.Google Scholar
15. Kramer, P. J. 1980. Drought, stress, and the origin of adaptations. Pages 7–20 in Turner, N. C. and Kramer, P. J., eds. Adaptations of Plants to Water and High Temperature Stress. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
16. Kramer, P. J. 1983. Water relations of plants. Pages 342–389. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Kvet, J. and Ondok, J. P. 1971. The significance of biomass duration. Photosynthetica 5:417–420.Google Scholar
18. Kvet, J., Ondok, J. P., Necas, J., and Jarvis, P. G. 1971. Methods of growth analysis. Pages 343–391 in Sestak, Z., Catsky, J., and Jarvis, P. G., eds. Plant Photosynthetic Production: Manual of Methods. Dr. W. Junk N.V. Publ., The Hague.Google Scholar
19. Mortensen, D. A. and Coble, H. D. 1989. The influence of soil water content on common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) interference in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 37:76–83.Google Scholar
20. Orwick, P. L. and Schreiber, M. M. 1979. Interference of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and robust foxtail (Setaria viridis var. robusta-alba or var. robusta-purpurea) in soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Sci. 27: 665–614.Google Scholar
21. Patterson, D. T. 1988. Growth and water relations of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), spurred anoda (Anoda cristata), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) during simulated drought and recovery. Weed Sci. 36: 318–324.Google Scholar
22. Patterson, D. T. and Flint, E. P. 1979. Effects of chilling on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), and spurred anoda (Anoda cristata). Weed Sci. 27:473–479.Google Scholar
23. Radosevich, S. R. 1987. Methods to study interactions among crops and weeds. Weed Tech. 1:190–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Radosevich, S. R. and Holt, J. S. 1984. Weed Ecology. Implications for Vegetation Management. Chap. 4 and 5. Pages 93–193. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
25. Roush, M. L. and Radosevich, S. R. 1985. Relationships between growth and competitiveness of four annual weeds. J. Appl. Ecol. 22:895–905.Google Scholar
26. Scholander, P. F., Hammel, H. T., Hemmingsen, E. A., and Bradstreet, E. D. 1964. Hydrostatic pressure and osmotic potential in leaves of mangroves and some other plants. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 52: 119–125.Google Scholar
27. Scott, H. D. and Geddes, R. D. 1979. Plant water stress of soybean (Glycine max) and common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum): A comparison under field conditions. Weed Sci. 27:285–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28. Staniforth, D. W. 1965. Competitive effects of three foxtail species on soybeans. Weeds 13:191–193.Google Scholar
29. Stuart, B. L., Harrison, S. K., Abernathy, J. R., Krieg, D. R., and Wendt, C. W. 1984. The response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) water relations to smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) competition. Weed Sci. 32:126–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Wiese, A. F. and Van Diver, C. W. 1970. Soil moisture effects on competitive ability of weeds. Weed Sci. 18:518–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Zimdahl, R. L. 1980. Weed-Crop Competition:A Review. Pages 103–106. Int. Plant Prot. Ctr., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, OR.Google Scholar