Financial Administration Under Henry I

Geoffrey H. White

doi:10.2307/3678316

Financial Administration Under Henry I

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 February 2009

Geoffrey H. White

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For the financial administration under Henry I we have no such detailed information as is given for the reign of his grandson by the Dialogus de Scaccario. When Richard Fitz Neel composed that famous dialogue, which was completed before April, 1179, the head of the financial administration was the Treasurer, who was assisted by two Chamberlains. This arrangement was already in existence before the death of Henry I, although the Treasurer seems to have been a somewhat recent addition to the staff of the Treasury, which had previously been managed by the Chamberlains; whose title was a survival from the earlier period when the royal treasure was kept in the royal bed-chamber, and the king's chamberlain acted as treasurer ex-officio. If we can trust an anonymous poem of the thirteenth century, this primitive arrangement still existed in England under the Confessor, at least so far as the funds for the expenses of the Royal Household were concerned; indeed, Professor Tout is doubtful whether any royal treasury or treasurer, except the Chamber and the Chamberlain, existed in England before the Conquest.

Type: Research Article
Information: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 8 , December 1925 , pp. 56 - 78

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3678316 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1925

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References

^{page 56 note 1} Liebermann, , Einleitung in den Dialogus de Scaccario, p. 10Google Scholar.

^{page 56 note 2} Neel, Fitz, Dialogus de Scaccario (ed. Hughes, , Crump & Johnson), p. 72Google Scholar.

^{page 56 note 3} Round, , King's Serjeants, pp. 120–121Google Scholar; Tout, , Chapters in the Administrative History of Medieval England, I. 72Google Scholar.

^{page 56 note 4} Lives of Edward the Confessor (ed. Luard), p. 207.

^{page 56 note 5} Tout, op. cit., I, 73.

^{page 57 note 1} Liber Rubeus de Scaccario (ed. Hall), p. 811; Liber Niger Scaccarii (ed. Hearne), p. 352.

^{page 57 note 2} Round, , Commune of London, pp. 81–82Google Scholar; Poole, , Exchequer in the Twelfth Century, p. 107Google Scholar.

^{page 57 note 3} Haskins, , Norman Institutions, pp. 108–110Google Scholar; Tout, op. cit, I, 107.

^{page 57 note 4} Stapleton, , Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniæ, I. xxGoogle Scholar; Poole, op. cit., PP. 94–5.

^{page 57 note 5} Liber Rubeus, pp. 808, 810–12,; Liber Niger, pp. 342–3, 349, 352–3.

^{page 58 note 1} Dialogus, p. 18.

^{page 58 note 2} Tout, op. cit., I, 86.

^{page 58 note 3} Round, , King's Serjeants, pp. 257–260Google Scholar.

^{page 59 note 1} Dialogus, p. 18.

^{page 59 note 2} Tout, op. cit., I, 91–2.

^{page 59 note 3} Cf. Notes and Queries, 13 S.I, 224–5.

^{page 60 note 1} Chron. Mon. de Abingdon (ed. Stevenson), II, 43.

^{page 60 note 2} Round, , V. C. H. Hants, I, 425Google Scholar.

^{page 60 note 3} Davis, , Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum, I, xxvGoogle Scholar.

^{page 60 note 4} Tout, op. tit., I. 76.

^{page 60 note 5} Hist, et Cart. S. P. de Gloucestria (ed. Hart), I, 118, II, 18, 19.

^{page 60 note 6} Ellis, , Landholders of Gloucestershire in Domesday Book, pp. 77, 78, 81.Google Scholar

^{page 60 note 7} Notes and Queries, 12 S. VI, 1, 2.

^{page 60 note 8} Round, King's Serjeants, p. 322.

^{page 60 note 9} Tout, op. cit., I, 75.

^{page 60 note 10} Round, , V. C. H. Hants, I, 432Google Scholar.

^{page 61 note 1} Round, , Commune of London, p. 82Google Scholar.

^{page 61 note 2} Ancestor, No. 5, p. 208.

^{page 61 note 3} Farrer, , An Outline Itinerary of King Henry I, p. 90Google Scholar.

^{page 61 note 4} Notes and Queries, 13 S. I, 223. Subsequently I noted that Prof. Haskins also had not distinguished between these two names. Ibid., cxlvi, 189.

^{page 61 note 5} Pipe Roll, 1130 (ed. Hunter), p. 37.

^{page 61 note 6} For Herbert II and his descendants, v. Eyton, Antiquities of Shropshire, VII, 146 seqq.

^{page 61 note 7} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 105.

^{page 61 note 8} Round, , Commune of London, p. 83Google Scholar.

^{page 62 note 1} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 37.

^{page 62 note 2} Ibid., p. 37.

^{page 62 note 3} Round, Cal. Docts. France, No. 157.

^{page 62 note 4} Dialogus, pp. 20–1.

^{page 62 note 5} Round, , Geoffrey de Mandeville, p. 234Google Scholar.

^{page 62 note 6} Gesta Stephani (ed. Howlett), pp. 97–8.

^{page 62 note 7} Farrer, op. cit., p. 143.

^{page 62 note 8} Ord. Vit., IV, 164.

^{page 63 note 1} Ancestor, No. 11, pp. 156–7.

^{page 63 note 2} Round, , Studies in Peerage and Family History, pp. 124–125Google Scholar.

^{page 63 note 3} Ord. Vit., IV, 167.

^{page 63 note 4} Notes and Queries, 13, S. 223–4, 263.

^{page 63 note 5} Ord. Vit., IV, 161, 167.

^{page 63 note 6} Cf. my note on “The Fall of Robert Malet,” Notes and Queries, 12, S. XII, 390–1.

^{page 63 note 7} In 1115 or earlier, if a Westminster charter can be relied on. Poole, op. cit., p. 39.

^{page 63 note 8} Tout, op cit., I, 75–80

^{page 64 note 1} Tout, op. cit., I, 86.

^{page 64 note 2} Liber Rubeus, p. 811.

^{page 65 note 1} Liber Niger, p. 352.

^{page 65 note 2} Tout, op. cit., I, 86.

^{page 65 note 3} Poole, op. cit., pp. 98–9.

^{page 66 note 1} William of Malmesbury (ed. Stubbs), p. 558.

^{page 66 note 2} Tout, op. cit., I, 87–8.

^{page 66 note 3} Poole, op. cit., pp. 25–26. (Italics are mine.)

^{page 67 note 1} Stapleton, op. cit., I, 22.

^{page 67 note 2} Dialogus, pp. 19, 20.

^{page 67 note 3} Poole, op. cit., pp. 39, 97.

^{page 67 note 4} Foss, , Judges of England, I, 111, 284.Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 5} Haskins, , Norman Institutions, pp. 90, 108.Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 6} Liebermann, op. cit., pp. 16, 17.

^{page 67 note 7} Valin, , Le Due de Normandie et sa Cour, p. 163Google Scholar.

^{page 67 note 8} Stubbs, , Constitutional History, I, 400, 444.Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 9} Round, , Commune of London, p. 78Google Scholar.

^{page 67 note 10} Tout, op. cit., I, 86–88.

^{page 68 note 1} Will. Malmesbury, p. 538.

^{page 68 note 2} Cf. Tout, op. cit., I, 86–7.

^{page 68 note 3} Farrer, op. cit., p. 111.

^{page 68 note 4} Tout, op. cit., I, 77–8.

^{page 68 note 5} Round, Cal. Docts. France, No, 1388.

^{page 69 note 1} Haskins, op. cit., p. 108.

^{page 69 note 2} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 63.

^{page 69 note 3} Tout, op. cit., p. 87. But my own view, as already explained, is that the chamberlains were no longer called treasurers at this date.

^{page 69 note 4} Will. Malmesbury, p. 559.

^{page 69 note 5} Boivin-Champeaux, , Notice sur Roger le Grand, Evêque de Salisbury, pp. 59, 67Google Scholar.

^{page 69 note 6} Salisbury Charters and Documents (ed. Jones & Macreay), No. VII.

^{page 70 note 1} Dr. Poole calls him “Richard” (op. cit., p. 7), doubtless a slip of the pen.

^{page 70 note 2} Ord. Vit., V. 120; Gesta Stephani, p. 49; Ann. de Oseneia—Ann. Mon., IV, 23. William of Malmesbury elsewhere says that he was said to be the Bishop's “nepos, vel plusquam nepos “ (p. 549).

^{page 70 note 3} Gesta Stephani, p. 7.

^{page 70 note 4} Round, , Commune of London, pp. 76–78Google Scholar.

^{page 70 note 5} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 130

^{page 70 note 6} Ibid., p. 131.

^{page 70 note 7} Liber Rubeus, pp. 808, 810, 811, 812; Liber Niger, 342–3, 349, 352, 353. The corresponding rate intra Domum was three shillings and sixpence, not two shillings and sixpence as is stated—probably by a printer's error—in Prof. Tout's book (op. dt., I, 85), although the Chancellor always received five shillings.

^{page 71 note 1} Haskins, op. cit., pp. 115, 119.

^{page 71 note 2} Liber Rubeus, p. 811; Liber Niger, p. 352.

^{page 71 note 3} Haskins, op. cit., p. 112.

^{page 71 note 4} Ibid., p. 94.

^{page 71 note 5} Cf. my paper on “ Master Chamberlains under the Norman Kings,” Notes and Queries, 13, S. I, 223–5, 245–6, 263–5.

^{page 71 note 6} Cont. Flor. Wig., II, 91. Cf. Symeon of Durham, I, 141; II, 283.

^{page 72 note 1} Liber Rubeus, p. 811; Liber Niger, p. 352.

^{page 72 note 2} Liber Rubeus, p. 811.

^{page 72 note 3} Liber Niger, p. 352.

^{page 72 note 4} Poole, op. cit., p. 97.

^{page 72 note 5} Tout, op. cit., I, 79, 89.

^{page 73 note 1} Hall, , Court Life under the Plantagenets, p. 247Google Scholar.

^{page 73 note 2} Dialogus, p. 18.

^{page 73 note 3} Liber Rubeus, p. 812; Liber Niger, pp. 353–4.

^{page 73 note 4} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 38.

^{page 73 note 5} Ibid., p. 134.

^{page 73 note 6} Cf. Poole, op. cit., p. 99.

^{page 73 note 7} Pipe Roll, 1130, p. 37.

^{page 74 note 1} Tout, op. cit., I, 78.

^{page 74 note 2} On the ratio of gold to silver, cf. Poole, op. cit., p. 83.

^{page 74 note 3} Dialogus, p. 20.

^{page 75 note 1} Poole, op. cit., p. 36.

^{page 75 note 2} Ibid., p. 99.

^{page 76 note 1} Haskins, op. cit., p. 113.

^{page 76 note 2} Ibid., pp. 300–2.

^{page 77 note 1} Cf. my article on “Constables under the Norman Kings,” Genealogist, N.S., XXXVIII, 113–27.

^{page 78 note 1} Madox, who failed to distinguish clearly between the master chamberlains and the financial chamberlains (Hist, of Exchequer, I, 55–60), makes the strange suggestion that the chamberlainship purchased for Osbert de Pont de l'Arche was the chamberlainship of Normandy (Ibid., 58–59).

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