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Some Aspects of the History of Chantries in the Later Middle Ages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

K. L. Wood-Legh
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Extract

Macaulay paid every schoolboy the compliment of attributing to him an omniscience which a man of learning might well envy; in what I am about to say this afternoon I fear that I may be going to the opposite extreme and expounding as new, facts with which some of my audience may have been familiar from their youth up. But if I make this mistake, I must plead in extenuation the way in which the medieval chantry has so far been treated. For, whilst almost every other aspect of medieval life has been studied as, at least to some extent, a European phenomenon, the chantry, though its prevalence throughout western Europe has been well known and its importance in the life of the later middle ages generally recognized, has been studied as a matter of local, or at most of national, history, and in many cases antiquarian or genealogical interests have been allowed to obscure the broader ecclesiastical and constitutional questions which it raises or helps to elucidate.

Type
Research Article
Information
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 28 , December 1946 , pp. 47 - 60
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1946

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References

page 47 note 1 Thompson, A. Hamilton, English colleges of chantry priests, Ecclesiological Soc., viii (New Series), part ii, p. 92Google Scholar .

page 48 note 1 Schultze, Alfred, ‘Stadtgemein.de und Kirche im Mittelalter’, Festgabe für Rudolph Sohm (1914), p. 113Google Scholar ; Kothe, W., Kirchliche Zustände Straszburgs im 14Google Scholar . Jahrhundert.

page 48 note 2 Trans. Thoroton Soc., 1904, p. 80.

page 49 note 1 Cartulaire de l'eglise Notre-Dame de Paris, ed. Guérard, M., iii, 226Google Scholar .

page 49 note 2 Urkundenbuch der Stadt Worms, ed. Boos, Heinrich, ii, 634Google Scholar . ‘Wir wollen auch und seczen off dem selben priester, der da zu yederczit ist, dazer in allen sinen messen, die er sprechen und lesen sal als vorgeschriben stet, uber dem altar nach dem offertorio sich sal umbkeren gen dem volke und sal offenlichen mit bescheidenlichen worten dun ein gedechtnisse mit soszlichen worten: Lyeben kynt! helfient mir biden unsern herren got vor der erbern frauwen sele Else Moren, von der gude dise messe gestifft und gemacht ist, und vor altfordern selen und alle glaubigen sele, das sich got uber sie erbarme und yn gebe daz ewige leben und sprechent yn zu droste und zu helffe eyn ygliche mensche ein pater noster und ein ave Maria.’

page 49 note 3 Visitations and memorials of Southwell Minster, ed. Leach, A. F., Camden Soc. N.S. xlviii (1881), 180Google Scholar .

page 49 note 4 Urkundenbuch der Stadt Worms, ii, 355.

page 49 note 5 Yorkshire chantry surveys, ed. Page, W. (Surtees Soc., 1892) i, 175Google Scholar .

page 50 note 1 Katz, Emma, Mittelalterliche Altarpfründen der Diozese Bremen in Gebiet westlich der Elbe, pp. 23, 24Google Scholar ; Georg Matthaei, Die Vikariestiftungen der Luneburger Stadtkirchen im Mittelalter und im Zeitalter der Reformation.

page 50 note 2 Hessische Urkunden aus dem Grossherzoglich Hes⋅ischen Haus and Staats-Archive, ed. Baur, L., iii, 101Google Scholar : ‘Preterea dicti manufideles ordinaverunt, quod magister Conradus, frater dicti quondam Johannis, idem beneficium habere debebit, cum vero morte eiusdem magistri Conradi vel alio quocumque modo vacauerit, tunc, Petrus, filius quondam Elizabeth, sororis dicti quondam Johannis, ipsum beneficium habere debebit, cum vero idem vacauerit, ex tune Johannes, filius Margarete, sororis prefati quondam Johannis, id idem beneficium debebit obtinere, postquam autem ipsum iterum vacauerit, ex tune Sieglo, filius Alheidis, similiter sororis quondam magistri Johannis prenotati, ipsum beneficium obtinere debebit, cum autem idem vacauerit, tunc Zeyssolffus, filius Sophie de Flersheim, prefati quondam Johannis cognatus, dictum beneficium habere debebit.’

page 50 note 3 Associated Architectural Societies' Reports, xxxvii. 59Google Scholar ; Trans. Thoroton Soc., xvii. 70, 71.

page 50 note 4 What seems the clearest example of this is the following passage from the will of William Cawod, canon of York and Ripon, dated February 1420. ‘Item volo quod d'ns Joh'es Schyrburne, capellanus mecum commorans, celebret pro anima mea et animabus omnium parentum et benefactorum meorum omniumque fidelium defunctorum in Ecclesia Ebor. si ibidem me mori contigerit, per quinquennium prox. post mortem meam, nisi eum interim promoueri contigerit, percipiendo annis singulis ipsius quinquennij centum solidos nomine stipendij sui annualis.’ Memorials of Ripon, ed. Fowler, J. T. (Surtees Soc.), iv. 191Google Scholar .

page 51 note 1 Cartulaires de l'eglise de Terouane, ed. Duchet, Th. and Giry, A., pp. 91–3Google Scholar .

page 51 note 2 Cartulaire de l'église Notre-Dame de Paris, p. 104. ‘Item, voluit et precepit quod de omnibus conquestibus suis et de quinto hereditatis sue fundetur sive instituatur unum beneficium sive capellania in ecclesia Parisiensi, quam capellaniam sive beneficium sibi retinet et reservat, si, per Dei gratiam, ipsum Matheum contingat recuperare corpoream sanitatem; si vero Deus eum ad se vocare voluerit, ordinavit et voluit quod magister Stephanus de Castaneto, clericus noster, dictum beneficium seu capellaniam, habeat et optineat …’

page 52 note 1 Urkundenbuch der Stadt Worms, ii, 195, 196.

page 53 note 2 Memorials of Ripon, ed. Fowler, J. T. (Surtees Soc.), ii. 136–7Google Scholar .

page 53 note 3 Extracts from the register of Bourchier, Bishop, published in the Ely Diocesan Remembrancer, 1902–1903, p. 181Google Scholar , and 1903–4, p. 20.

page 53 note 4 ‘Registrum subsidii clero Thuringiae anno 1506 imposito’, ed. DrStechele, Ulrich (Zeitschrift des Vereins fur Thüringische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, N.F. 11, 1882)Google Scholar . ‘Vicaria noua sita in parrochia Sancti Andree in Rudolffstadt habet 18 Sexagen. apud Consulatum ibidem. Dni Iohannis Bleszers primi possessoris et fundatoris’ (p. 69). ‘Vicaria noua trium regum Sancti Andree et Elisabeth habet 12 florinos, D. Doctor Ioh. Schoner fundator et primus possessor’ (p. 12). Other examples passim.

page 53 note 1 Frölich, Karl, ‘Die Rechtsformer der Mittelalterlichen Altarpfründen’, Zeitschrift der Savigny Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, LI (iii) (1931), Kanonistische Abt., pp. 457–544Google Scholar .

page 53 note 2 Ibid., 503–8.

page 53 note 3 Ibid., 511–12.

page 54 note 1 Frölich, Karl, ‘Die Rechtsformer der Mittelalterlichen Altarpfründen’, Zeitschrift der Savigny Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, LI (iii) (1931), Kanonistische Abt., pp. 511–12Google Scholar .

page 54 note 2 Calendar of the manuscripts of the dean and chapter of Wells (Hist. MSS. Comm.), i. 378.

page 55 note 1 Cartulaire de l'eglise Notre-Dame de Paris, iv. 115–17, 52–3.

page 55 note 2 Ibid., iii. 123–4.

page 56 note 1 The mediaeval records of a London City church (St. Mary at Hill), ed. Littlehales, Henry (E.E.T.S.), pp. 10–13Google Scholar .

page 57 note 1 Schultze, Alfred, ‘Stadtgemeinde und Kirche im Mittelalter’, Festgabe für Rudolph Sohm (1914), p. 129 sqq.Google Scholar

page 58 note 1 Oberrheinische Stadtrechte, ed. Merk, W. (Neuenburg am Rhein), Part 11, iii, pp. 149–61Google Scholar .

page 58 note 2 Ibid., pp. 162–3.

page 59 note 1 Cartulaire de Notre-Dame-des-Ardents à Arras, ed. Cavrois, Louis, x. 177–181Google Scholar .

page 59 note 2 Cartulaire de l'église Notre-Dame de Paris ed. Guerard, M., iii. 226–8Google Scholar .

page 59 note 3 Ricart's Kalendar, ed. Smith, L. Toulmin, p. 76Google Scholar .

page 60 note 1 Statutes of the Realm, i. 92.

page 60 note 2 Schultze, Alfred, ‘Stadtgemeinde und Kirche im Mittelalter’, Feslgabe für Rudolph Sohm (1914)Google Scholar ; Stadtgemeinde und Reformation (Recht und Staat in Geschichte und Gegenwart).