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Monthly variation in suicide is still strong in the USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2018

D. Lester*
Affiliation:
The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey, PO Box 195, Jim Leeds Road, Pomona, NJ 08240–0195, USA
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Abstract

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Columns
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2001 

Yip et al (Reference Yip, Chao and Chiu2000) reported that the seasonal variation of suicides in England and Wales had declined in recent decades. This does not appear to be the case in the USA. Monthly data for the number of suicides were available for the period 1960-1998 (National Center for Vital Statistics, 1960-1999; additional data J. McIntosh, personal communication, 2001). Chi-squared tests were conducted for each year for the monthly distribution (correcting for the number of days in each month), and contingency coefficients calculated in order to control for the number of suicides each year. There was no linear trend in the contingency coefficients over the 39-year period (Pearson r=0.033). The month with the peak number of suicides varied over the 39-year period, but not in any linear fashion (see Table 1 for a summary by decade).

Table 1 Summary by decade of suicides in USA

Mean number of suicides per day
1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
January 54.59 69.05 78.08 84.12
February 55.61 70.22 79.92 84.24
March 58.75 72.93 83.471 86.55
April 60.621 74.681 83.18 86.80
May 59.69 74.52 81.47 86.27
June 57.26 72.54 81.02 87.561
July 56.36 70.56 81.54 86.33
August 56.76 71.75 81.52 86.34
September 56.47 72.22 79.51 85.35
October 56.47 71.31 77.56 82.80
November 55.33 69.40 78.11 80.86
December 53.722 66.652 74.142 76.812

References

National Center for Vital Statistics (1960–1999) Vital Statistics of the United States (annual). Rockville, MD: National Center for Vital Statistics.Google Scholar
Yip, P. S. F., Chao, A. & Chiu, C. W. F. (2000) Seasonal variation in suicides: diminished or vanished. Experience from England and Wales, 1982–1996. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177, 366369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Figure 0

Table 1 Summary by decade of suicides in USA

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