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Estimates of boundary layer parameters in the atmospheres of the terrestrial planets*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

G. S. Golitsyn
G. S. Golitsyn*
Affiliation:
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R.

Abstract

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The similarity theory of atmospheric boundary layers is applied to an estimate of the form of vertical profiles of average wind velocity and potential temperature in the atmospheres of the terrestrial planets in day- and night-time conditions.

It is then considered, as in the case of the earth, that the magnitude of the turbulent heat flux qT during the day is about 0.1 of q(1 – A), where q is the solar constant for the planet and A is its albedo; at night, qT is several times smaller still. The friction velocity u* is taken equal to 2–5% (depending upon the stratification) of the mean wind velocity in the free atmosphere, which was adopted from previous calculations (Golitsyn, 1968).

The boundary layers in the atmospheres of Mars and Venus and in the hypothetical atmosphere of Mercury are examined in detail. Sharp temperature drops are characteristic of Mars within a few tens of meters from the surface, attaining a magnitude of several tens of degrees, especially during the day. Large changes of the wind velocity also take place in this thin lower layer. This effect results from the low density of the Martian atmosphere.

For Venus, owing to the very high density of the atmosphere, the stratification is close to neutral, i.e., the temperature profile is close to the adiabatic one and the wind profile is of a logarithmic shape.

Owing to high winds, the stratification on Mercury must also be close to neutral with respect to the wind (the profile being close to the logarithmic), but because of the expected low density, the temperature changes near the ground may still be very great.

Type
Part II: Mars
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 40: Planetary Atmospheres , 1971 , pp. 297 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1971 

References

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