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‘An Honourable and Elect Lady’: The Faith of Isabel, Lady Bowes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2016

Christine M. Newman*
Affiliation:
University of Durham
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Extract

The Bowes of Streatlam, in the bishopric of Durham, were notable on two counts in the later part of the sixteenth century. On the one hand, they were highly regarded for their uncompromising loyalty to the Crown, an attachment which was to bring them disastrously close to the brink of financial ruin under the parsimonious Elizabeth, who repeatedly failed to reimburse and compensate them for activities undertaken in her name. On the other hand, the family was particularly noted in the religiously conservative north for its staunch adherence to the Protestant faith. The seeds of this Protestantism were in evidence from the earliest years of the Reformation, but it was given greater definition and inspiration by the example of Elizabeth Bowes, the ardent adherent and later mother-in-law of the Scottish reformer John Knox. Yet, if Elizabeth was the first, she was certainly not the only uncompromisingly Protestant matron in the Bowes family during this period. Towards the end of the sixteenth and beginning of the seventeenth century the second wife of her grandson Sir William Bowes was to assume Elizabeth’s spiritual mantle, thereby reinforcing still further the family’s attachment to the Reformed faith.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 1999 

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References

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11 Diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, p. 31.

12 Sir William’s first wife was Mary, the daughter of Henry, 9th Lord Scrope of Bolton, of Wensleydale in the North Riding of Yorkshire. By her he had one daughter, Katherine, who later married Sir William Eure. Interestingly, given her own family’s staunch adherence to the Protestant cause, Lady Eure came to adopt the Catholic sympathies of her husband with both, in later years, being presented as recusants. Surtees, R., History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham, 4 vols (London, 1816-40), 4, pp. 105, 110Google Scholar. In July 1614 the Eures were indicted for recusancy before a General Session of the Peace for the North Riding, where it was stated that the couple had been recusant for seven years. J. C. Atkinson, ed., Quarter Sessions Records [North Riding], 4 vols, North Riding Record Society (1884-6), 2, p. 68.

13 Hasler, House of Commons, pp. 467-8.

14 Batho, ed., Talbot Papers, vol. M, fols 302, 306, 331, 353.

15 The development of the Bowes family’s Protestantism is discussed in detail in my thesis: Christine Mary Newman, ‘The Bowes of Streatlam, County Durham: a study of the politics and religion of a sixteenth century northern gentry family’ (University of York, D.Phil, thesis, 1991), pp. 198-225.

16 During the early 1550s, in particular, Elizabeth maintained a regular correspondence with Knox, and some thirty of the reformer’s letters to her survive. The bulk of these are printed in Laing, D., ed., The Works of John Knox, 6 vols (Edinburgh, 1846-64), 3, pp. 333402Google Scholar. The most recent analysis of the relationship between Elizabeth Bowes and John Knox is in Collinson, P., ‘“Not Sexual in the Ordinary Sense”: Women, Men and Religious Transactions’, in idem, Elizabethan Essays (London and Rio Grande, TX, 1994), pp. 119–50Google Scholar. Other recent discussions include Frankforter, A. Daniel, ‘Elizabeth Bowes and John Knox: a woman and Reformation theology’, ChH, 56 (1987), pp. 333–47Google Scholar; Newman, Christine M., ‘The Reformation and Elizabeth Bowes: a study of a sixteenth century northern gentlewoman’, SCH, 27 (1990), pp. 325–33.Google Scholar

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21 Lambeth Palace Library, Talbot Papers, MS 3203, fol. 166; MS 3201, fol. 173. The practice of referring to and quoting biblical texts in order to illustrate and reinforce particular points was one to which committed Puritans, such as Isabel, were much drawn. Durston, C. and Eales, J., ‘Introduction: The Puritan Ethos, 1560-1700’, in idem, eds, The Culture of English Puritanism, 1560-1700 (Basingstoke and London, 1996), pp. 1617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

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27 Ibid., pp. 67-8; Marcombe, D., ‘A rude and heady people: the local community and the Rebellion of the Northern Earls’, in Marcombe, D., ed., The Last Principality (Nottingham, 1987), pp. 139, 168Google Scholar; Surtees, Durham, 4, p. 68.

28 When Rothwell left Durham he took up an appointment as minister in Mansfield, in Nottinghamshire, and it was there that he died in 1627: Gower, ‘Rothwel’, p. 70.

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30 Surtees, Durham, 4, p. 110; Hunter, South Yorkshire, 2, p. 163; Gower, ‘Rothwel’, p. 70; Complete Peerage, 4, p. 77.

31 Eales, ‘Samuel Clarke’, pp. 368-9.

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33 Warnicke, ‘Lady Mildmay’, p. 68.

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