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Bottom-Up Constitutionalization of International Law: The Targeted Sanctions Regime as a Case Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

Eyal Benvenisti*
Affiliation:
Tel Aviv University Faculty of Law

Abstract

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Type
Transnational Legal Dialogue, a Human Rights-Based Hierarchy, and the Creation of Norms
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2010

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References

1 de Wet, Erika & Nollkaemper, André, Review of Security Council Decisions by National Courts, 45 Ger. Y.B. Int’l L. 166 (2002)Google Scholar.

2 Iraqi State v. Corporation Dumez GTM (SA), Appeal (cassation) judgment, Court of Cassation, First civil chamber, ILDC 771 (FR 2006) (Apr. 25, 2006).

3 Rex (on the application of Al-Jedda) (FC) (Appellant) v. Secretary of State for Defence (Respondent) [2007] UKHL 58.

4 See also A, K, M, Q & G v. HM Treasury, Apr. 24, 2008 [2008] EWHC 869 (Admin).

5 Kadi and Al Barakaat v. Council of the European Union, European Court of Justice, 2008 ECR 1-6351.

6 Id. at para. 317.

7 Advocate-General Maduro’s Opinion to the ECJ in the Kadi case.

8 T-727-08, Abdelrazik v. Minister of Foreign Affairs & Attorney General of Canada, 2009 FC 580.

9 Hay v. HM Treasury, 2009 EWHC 1677 (Admin) (QB).

10 HM Treasury v. Ahmed and Others, 2010 UKSC 2, at para. 47.

11 Id. at para. 58 (Lord Hope).

12 Id.

13 Id. at paras. 77-82.

14 Johnstone, Ian, Legislation and Adjudication in the UN Security Council: Bringing Down the Deliberative Deficit, 102 AJIL 275, 295-97 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

15 SC 5599th Meeting (Dec. 19, 2006), UN Doc. S/PV.5599, at 3.

16 SC 6043rd Meeting (Dec. 15, 2008), UN Doc. S/PV.6043, at 9.

17 Alvarez, José E., Contemporary International Law: An ‘Empire of Law’ or the ‘Law of Empire’?, 24 Am. U. Int’l L. Rev. 811, 830 (2009)Google Scholar.

18 Report of the Analytical Support and Sanctions Monitoring Team (May 14, 2008), UN Doc. S/2008/324, at 17.

19 Id.

20 Remarks by Ambassador Susan E. Rice, at http://usun.state.gov/briefing/statements/2009/133836.htm.

21 See de Wet, Erika, The Role of European Courts in the Development of a Hierarchy of Norms Within International Law: Evidence of Constitutionalisation, 5 Eur. Const. L. Rev. 84 (2009)Google Scholar.