Eighteen million hunters are the backbone of the wildlife conservation movement in the USA. Wildlife is for use, for sport and for food, and they demand that it be conserved. As a result many species which, sixty years ago, were on the verge of extinction are once again numerous in the wild. One state alone estimates its deer population at 2¾ million. Under harvesting is often the problem now, and a new attitude to predators is emerging. The author is a member of the Office of Endangered Species/International Activities in the US Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.