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Evaluating Young's Modulus of Single Yeast Cells Based on Compression Using an Atomic Force Microscope with a Flat Tip

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 January 2021

Di Chang Open the ORCID record for Di Chang [Opens in a new window] ,
Takahiro Hirate ,
Chihiro Uehara Open the ORCID record for Chihiro Uehara [Opens in a new window] ,
Hisataka Maruyama Open the ORCID record for Hisataka Maruyama [Opens in a new window] ,
Nobuyuki Uozumi Open the ORCID record for Nobuyuki Uozumi [Opens in a new window]  and
Fumihito Arai Open the ORCID record for Fumihito Arai [Opens in a new window]
Di Chang*
Affiliation:
Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Room 108, Aerospace Mechanical Engineering Research Building, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8603, Japan
Takahiro Hirate
Affiliation:
Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Room 108, Aerospace Mechanical Engineering Research Building, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8603, Japan
Chihiro Uehara
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 6-6-07, Sendai980-8579, Japan
Hisataka Maruyama
Affiliation:
Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Room 108, Aerospace Mechanical Engineering Research Building, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8603, Japan
Nobuyuki Uozumi
Affiliation:
Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 6-6-07, Sendai980-8579, Japan
Fumihito Arai
Affiliation:
Department of Micro-Nano Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Room 108, Aerospace Mechanical Engineering Research Building, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8603, Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-8654, Japan
*
*Author for correspondence: Di Chang, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In this research, atomic force microscopy (AFM) with a flat tip cantilever is utilized to measure Young's modulus of a whole yeast cell (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741). The results acquired from AFM are similar to those obtained using a microfluidic chip compression system. The mechanical properties of single yeast cells are important parameters which can be examined using AFM. Conventional studies apply AFM with a sharp cantilever tip to indent the cell and measure the force-indentation curve, from which Young's modulus can be calculated. However, sharp tips introduce problems because the shape variation can lead to a different result and cannot represent the stiffness of the whole cell. It can lead to a lack of broader meaning when evaluating Young's modulus of yeast cells. In this report, we confirm the differences in results obtained when measuring the compression of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) bead using a commercial sharp tip versus a unique flat tip. The flat tip effectively avoids tip-derived errors, so we use this method to compress whole yeast cells and generate a force–deformation curve. We believe our proposed method is effective for evaluating Young's modulus of whole yeast cells.

Keywords

atomic force microscopycompressionmicrofluidic chipyeast cellYoung's modulus
Type
Biological Applications
Information
Microscopy and Microanalysis , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 392 - 399
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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