Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T11:21:24.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Adaptive Phenotypic Plasticity of Siberian Elm in Response to Drought Stress: Increased Stomatal Pore Depth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2013

Go Eun Park
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
Ki Woo Kim*
Affiliation:
School of Ecology and Environmental System, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 741-711, Korea
Don Koo Lee*
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
Jung Oh Hyun*
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Sciences, Institute of Future Environmental and Forest Resources, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
§Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Leaf stomatal characteristics of Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) were investigated by electron microscopy and white light scanning interferometry. On the basis of average annual precipitations, two types of tree specimens were collected from Korea, China, and Mongolia: (1) trees under normal environmental conditions and (2) trees under arid conditions. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed oval-shaped stomata on the lower surface, and they were ca. 20 μm in width. In-lens secondary electron imaging showed differences in electron density and stomatal pore depth between the two types. According to the line profile analysis by white light scanning interferometry, stomata under arid conditions appeared to have higher levels of the stomatal pore depth than ones under normal conditions. Focused ion beam–field emission electron microscopy supported the increased stomatal pore depth with the increasing drought stress gradient. These results suggest that complementary microscopy can be employed to unravel the adaptive phenotypic plasticity of Siberian elm in response to drought stress.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Microscopy Society of America 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Carpenter, K.J. (2005). Stomatal architecture and evolution in basal angiosperms. Amer J Bot 92, 15951615.10.3732/ajb.92.10.1595Google Scholar
Cutler, D.F., Botha, T. & Stevenson, D.W. (2008). Plant Anatomy. An Applied Approach. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Evert, R.F. (2006). Esau's Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body—Their Structure, Function, and Development, 3rd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John and Wiley Sons.10.1002/0470047380Google Scholar
Hou, K. & Yao, N. (2007). Applications for biological materials. In Focused Ion Beam Systems. Basics and Applications, Yao, N. (Ed.), pp. 337354. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511600302.014Google Scholar
Illinois Nature Preserves Commission (INPC) (1990). Vegetation Management Guidelines: Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila L.), vol. 1, pp. 14. Springfield, IL: INPC.Google Scholar
Kim, K.W. & Jaksch, H. (2009). Compositional contrast of uncoated fungal spores and unstained section-face by low-loss backscattered electron imaging. Micron 40, 724729.10.1016/j.micron.2009.05.001Google Scholar
Kim, K.W., Kim, D.H., Han, S.H., Lee, J.C. & Kim, P.G. (2010). Three-dimensional surface topography of the needle stomatal complexes of Pinus rigida and its hybrid species by complementary microscopy. Micron 41, 571576.10.1016/j.micron.2010.04.008Google Scholar
Kim, K.W., Lee, I.J., Kim, C.S., Lee, D.K. & Park, E.W. (2011). Micromorphology of epicuticular waxes and epistomatal chambers of pine species by electron microscopy and white light scanning interferometry. Microsc Microanal 17, 118124.10.1017/S1431927610093967Google Scholar
Mauseth, J.D. (1988). Plant Anatomy. Caldwell, NJ: The Blackburn Press.Google Scholar
Roth-Nebelsick, A. (2007). Computer-based studies of diffusion through stomata of different architecture. Ann Bot 100, 2332.10.1093/aob/mcm075Google Scholar
Shi, L., Zhang, Z.J., Zhang, C.Y. & Zhang, J.Z. (2004). Effects of sand burial on survival, growth, gas exchange and biomass allocation of Ulmus pumila seedlings in the Hunshandak Sandland, China. Ann Bot 94, 553560.10.1093/aob/mch174Google Scholar
Valladares, F. & Sánches-Gómez, D. (2006). Ecophysiological traits associated with drought in mediterranean tree seedlings: Individual responses versus interspecific trends in eleven species. Plant Biol 8, 688697.10.1055/s-2006-924107Google Scholar
Yao, N. (2007). Introduction to the focused ion beam system. In Focused Ion Beam Systems. Basics and Applications, Yao, N. (Ed.), pp. 130. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511600302Google Scholar