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THE SYSTEMATICS AND TAXONOMY OF FINAL-INSTAR LARVAE OF THE FAMILY APHIDIIDAE (HYMENOPTERA)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Thelma Finlayson
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Abstract

Characteristics of cephalic structures and spiracles of final-instar larvae of 65 species in 18 genera of the family Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera) are described and illustrated and keys are given for identification of genera and species. An additional seven species that were described and illustrated in an earlier paper (Mackauer and Finlayson 1967) are redescribed and included in the keys for a total of 72 species.On the basis of characteristics of final-instar larvae, taxonomic groupings of the family Aphidiidae mainly conform to those based on characteristics of adults, with the following exceptions.Within the tribe Aphidiini the genus Calaphidius appears to belong in a new subtribe because of the unusual form of the pleurostoma, and the presence of numerous small sensoria in the maxillary and labial palpi, and of an atrium in the prothoracic spiracle which is absent in all other species of this tribe.It is suggested that the tribe Trioxini (Aphidiinae) should be a separate subfamily, the Trioxinae, because of the presence of a hypostomal spur which was not found in any of the other aphidiids examined. Within this suggested new subfamily the genus Lipolexis appears to be the most primitive form examined because, in addition to a hypostomal spur, it has a complete epistoma which is lacking in all other aphidiids examined; it is suggested that this genus be placed in a separate tribe, the Lipolexini. The trioxines appear to be the most primitive of the Aphidiidae and form a bridge between the Braconidae and the Aphidiidae.The Aphidiini (Aphidiinae) appear to be at the peak of the evolutionary scale of the Aphidiidae because of the loss or reduction of the pleurostomal–hypostomal sclerite, making the identities of the pleurostoma and hypostoma less distinguishable.

Résumé

Les caractéristiques des structures céphaliques et des stigmates des larves au stade final de 65 espèces appartenant à 18 genres de la famille Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera) sont décrites et illustrées. Des clés sont données pour l'identification des genres et des espèces. Sept espèces additionnelles qui furent décrites et illustrées dans une publication antérieure (Mackauer et Finlayson 1967) sont décrites une fois de plus et incluses dans les clés pour faire un total de 72 espèces.

En se basant sur les caractéristiques du dernier stade larvaire, les regroupements taxonomiques de la famille Aphidiidae se conforment principalement à ceux basés sur les caractéristiques des adultes sauf les exceptions suivantes.

A l'intérieur de la tribu Aphidiini, le genre Calaphidius semble appartenir à une nouvelle tribu à cause de la forme peu commune du pleurostome et à cause de la présence de plusieurs petites sensilles dans les palpes labiaux et maxillaires et d'un atrium dans le stigmate prothoracique qui est absent chez toutes les autres espèces de cette tribu.

Il est suggéré que la tribu Trioxini (Aphidiinae) devrait être une sous-famille séparée et appelée Trioxinae à cause de la présence d'une protubérance de l'hypostome qui ne fut pas trouvée chez les autres aphidiidés examinés. A l'intérieur de cette nouvelle sous-famille suggérée, le genre Lipolexis semble être la forme la plus primitive examinée parce qu'en plus d'avoir une protubérance de l'hypostome, il a un épistome complet qui fait défaut à tous les autres aphidiidés examinés. Il est suggéré que ce genre soit placé dans une tribu séparée nommée Lipolexini. Les trioxinés semblent être le groupe le plus primitif des Aphidiidae et forment un pont entre les Braconidae et les Aphidiidae.

Les Aphidiini (Aphidiinae) semblent être au sommet de l'échelle évolutive des Aphidiidae à cause de la perte ou réduction de la sclérite pleurosto-hypostomale, rendant les identités des pleurostomes et des hypostomes plus difficile.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , Volume 122 , Supplement S152 , 1990 , pp. 3 - 74
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1990

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