Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T04:21:35.097Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Unusual assemblage of conulariids (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Taddrist Formation (Middle Ordovician, Darriwilian) of southern Morocco

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2022

Heyo Van Iten Open the ORCID record for Heyo Van Iten [Opens in a new window] ,
Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco Open the ORCID record for Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco [Opens in a new window]  and
Mario E. Cournoyer
Heyo Van Iten*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Hanover College, Hanover, Indiana 47243, USA Department of Invertebrate Paleontology, Cincinnati Museum Center, 1301 Western Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45203, USA
Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco
Affiliation:
Instituto de Geociencias (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientifícas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, GSIC-UCM) and Área de Paleontología GEODESPAL, Facultad CC. Geológicas, José Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Mario E. Cournoyer
Affiliation:
Musée de Paléontologie et de l’Évolution, 541 Congrégation Street, Montréal, Québec H3K 2J1, Canada
*
*Corresponding author.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Silty noduliferous shales in the lower part of the Middle Ordovician (late Darriwilian 2) Taddrist Formation in the central Moroccan Anti-Atlas contain a unique assemblage of conulariids consisting of one species each of Archaeoconularia Bouček, 1939, Glyptoconularia Sinclair, 1952, and Pseudoconularia Bouček, 1939. Glyptoconularia antiatlasica new species, currently represented by a single three-dimensional specimen, is the first member of this extremely rare, highly autapomorphic genus to be described from outside of cratonic North America as well as the first Glyptoconularia from the Middle Ordovician. Pseudoconularia cf. P. grandissima (Barrande, 1867) and Archaeoconularia cf. A. exquisita (Barrande, 1867) most closely resemble species previously described from Middle and Upper Ordovician strata in the Prague Basin (Czech Republic), then located adjacent to North Africa. Anaconularia anomala (Barrande, 1867), previously known from the Upper Ordovician (Sandbian) Libeň and Letná formations in the Prague Basin, is documented for the first time from the Upper Ordovician (Katian) Upper Tioririne Formation of Morocco. In addition to extending the known stratigraphical and paleogeographical ranges of these conulariids, results of the present investigation add to the list of invertebrate taxa that appear to have originated during Early or Mid-Ordovician times in peri-Gondwana or south-polar Gondwana, and then migrated to the eastern margin of Laurentia, arriving there along with other cool-water taxa during the Sandbian-Katian transition.

UUID: http://zoobank.org/9ea5051b-cff5-4911-861a-531db4f45883

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 96 , Issue 4 , July 2022 , pp. 803 - 813
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Álvaro, J.J., Benharref, M., Destombes, J., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., Hunter, A.W., Lefebvre, B., van Roy, P., and Zamora, S., 2022, Ordovician stratigraphy and benthic community replacements in the eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco, in Hunter, A.W., Álvaro, J.J., Lefebvre, B., van Roy, P., and Zamora, S., eds., The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco: London, Geological Society Special Publication, v. 485, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP485.20 [published online 1 February 2022].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, C.R., 2004, Ordovician oceans and climate, in Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L., and Jacobi, R., eds., The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: New York, Columbia University Press, p. 72–76, https://doi.org/10.7312/webb12678-008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barrande, J., 1867, Systême Silurien du centre de la Bohême, 1ère Partie, Recherches Paléontologiques, Volume 3, Classe des Mollusques, Ordre des Ptéropodes: Prague, Charles Bellmann, xv + 179 p.Google Scholar
Begg, J.L., 1946, Some new fossils from the Girvan District: Transactions of the Geological Society of Glasgow, v. 21, p. 29–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bergström, S.M., and MacKenzie, P., 2005, Biostratigraphic and paleoceanographic relations between the type Richmondian (Upper Ordovician) in the Cincinnati region and the Upper Mississippi Valley succession, in Ludvigson, G.A., and Bunker, R., eds., Facets of the Ordovician Geology of the Upper Mississippi Valley region: Iowa Geological Survey Guidebook Series, no. 24, p. 35–37.Google Scholar
Bergström, S.M., Chen, X., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., and Dronov, A.V., 2009, The new chronostratigraphic classification of the Ordovician system and its relation to major regional series and stages and δ13C chemostratigraphy: Lethaia, v. 42, p. 97–107, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.2008.00136.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bouček, B., 1928, Révision des conulaires paléozoïques de la Bohême: Palaeontographica Bohemiae, v. 11, p. 1–108.Google Scholar
Bouček, B., 1939, Conularida, in Schindewolf, O.H., ed., Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 2A, Lieferung 5: Berlin, Borntraeger, p. A113–A131.Google Scholar
Brett, C.E., and Baird, G.C., 2002, Revised stratigraphy of the Trenton Group in its type area, central New York State: Sedimentology and tectonics of a Middle Ordovician shelf-to-basin succession, in Mitchell, C.E., and Jacobi, R., eds., Taconic Convergence: Orogen, Foreland Basin, and Craton: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Volume 27, nos. 1–3, p. F54–F66, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-7065(01)00007-9.Google Scholar
Bruthansová, J., and Van Iten, H., 2020, Invertebrate epizoans on Ordovician conulariids from the Prague Basin (Czech Republic, Bohemia): Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 558, 109963, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Candela, Y., 2015, Evolution of Laurentian brachiopod faunas during the Ordovician Phanerozoic sea level maximum: Earth Science Reviews, v. 141, p. 27–44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, D.K., 2018, Evolution of the Taebaeksan Basin, Korea: Early Paleozoic sedimentation in an epeiric sea and break-up of the Sino-Korean Craton from Gondwana: Island Arc, v. 28, p. e12275, https://doi.org/10.1111/iar.12275.Google Scholar
Choi, D.K., and Jeong, K.W., 1990, Discovery of conulariid from the Yeongheung Formation (Ordovician), Korea: Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, v. 26, p. 497–499.Google Scholar
Clark, T.H., and Globensky, Y., 1973, Pontneuf and parts of Saint-Raymond and Lyster map areas, Pontneuf and Lobinière counties: Québec City, Geological Report 148, Geological Exploration Service, Québec Department of Natural Resources, 101 p.Google Scholar
Clark, T.H., and Globensky, Y., 1976, Trois-Rivières Area: Montréal,Geological Report 164, Geological Exploration Service, Ministry of Natural Resources (Québec), 87 p.Google Scholar
Cocks, L.R.M., and Fortey, R.A., 2009, Avalonia: A long-lived terrane in the Lower Palaeozoic?, in Bassett, M.G., ed., Early Palaeozoic Peri-Gondwana Terranes: New Insights from Tectonics and Biogeography: London, Geological Society Special Publications, v. 325, p. 141–155, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP325.7.Google Scholar
Destombes, J., 2006, Carte géologique au 1/200 000 de l/Anti-Atlas Marocain: Notice explicative, Paléozoïque inférieure, Cambrien moyen et superieure-Ordovicien-base du Silurien, Feuille Todrha-Maider: Memoire explicative, Chapitre D [written in 1985]: Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc, v. 243 bis, p. 1–58.Google Scholar
Destombes, J., Hollard, H., and Willefert, S., 1985, Lower Palaeozoic rocks of Morocco, in Holland, C.H., ed., Lower Palaeozoic Rocks of the World, Volume 4, Lower Palaeozoic Rocks of Northwestern and West-Central Africa: Chichester, John Wiley & Sons, p. 91–136.Google Scholar
Fortey, R., 1984, Global earlier Ordovician transgressions and regressions and their biological implications, in Bruton, D.L., ed., Aspects of the Ordovician System: Palaeontological Contributions, University of Oslo, no. 295, p. 37–50.Google Scholar
Fortey, R.A., and Cocks, L.R.M., 2003, Palaeontological evidence bearing on global Ordovician-Silurian continental reconstructions: Earth Science Reviews, v. 61, p. 245–307, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00115-0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gbadeyan, R., and Dix, G.R., 2013, The role of regional and local structure in a Late Ordovician (Edenian) foreland platform-to-basin succession inboard of the Taconic Orogen, central Canada: Geosciences, v. 3, p. 216–239, https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences3020216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Götte, A., 1887, Entwicklungs Geschichte der Aurelia aurita und Cotylorhiza tuberculata: Abhandlungen der Entwicklungsgeschichte der Tiere, v. 4, p. 1–79.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., Destombes, J., Rábano, I., Aceñolaza, G.F., Sarmiento, G.N., and San José, M.A., 2003, [The Middle Ordovician of the Moroccan Anti-Atlas: Paleobiodiversity, biostratigraphic review and correlation]: Geobios, v. 36, p. 151–177, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6995(03)00004-4. [in Spanish]CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., Sá, A.A., Rábano, I., Sarmiento, G.N., Garcia-Bellido, D.C., Bernárdez, E., Lorenzo, S., Villas, E., Jiménez-Sánchez, A., Colmenar, J., and Zamora, S., 2015, Iberian Ordovician and its international correlation: Stratigraphy, v. 12, no. 3/4, p. 257–263.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., Sá, A.A., Garcia-Bellido, D.C., and Rábano, I., 2017, The Bohemo-Iberian regional chronostratigraphic scale for the Ordovician system and paleontological correlations within South Gondwana: Lethaia, v. 50, no. 2, p. 258–295, https://doi.org/10.1111/let.12197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, J., 1847, Palaeontology of New York, Volume 1, Containing Descriptions of the Organic Remains of the Lower Division of the New York System: Albany, Charles Van Benthuysen, xxiii + 338 p.Google Scholar
Hessland, I., 1949, A Lower Ordovician Pseudoconularia from the Siljan District: Bulletin of the Geological Institution of the University of Uppsala, v. 33, p. 429–436.Google Scholar
Hughes, N.C., Gunderson, G.O., and Weedon, M.J., 2000, Late Cambrian conulariids from Wisconsin and Minnesota: Journal of Paleontology, v. 74, p. 828–838, https://doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0828:LCCFWA>2.0.CO;2.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jerre, F., 1993, Conulariid microfossils from the Silurian Lower Visby Beds of Gotland, Sweden: Palaeontology, v. 36, p. 403–424.Google Scholar
Lajblová, K., and Kraft, P., 2018, Middle Katian/lowermost Hirnantian ostracods from the Prague Basin (Czech Republic): Diversity responses to the climatic changes: Bulletin of Geosciences, v. 93, no. 2, p. 205–245, https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1676.Google Scholar
Lamont, A., 1946, Largest British Conularia: Quarry Managers’ Journal, v. 29, p. 569–570.Google Scholar
Lefebvre, B., Nohejlová, M., Martin, E.L.O., Kašička, L., Zicha, A., and Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., 2022, New Middle and Late Ordovician cornute stylophorans (Echiodermata) from Morocco and other peri-Gondwanan areas, in Hunter, A.W., Álvaro, J.J., Lefebvre, B., van Roy, P., and Zamora, S., eds., The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco: London, Geological Society Special Publication, v. 485, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP485-2021-99 [published online 24 January 2022].Google Scholar
Leme, J.M., Simões, M.G., Marques, A.C., and Van Iten, H., 2008, Cladistic analysis of the suborder Conulariina Miller and Gurley, 1896 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa; Vendian–Triassic): Palaeontology, v. 51, p. 649–662, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14754983.2008.00775.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, S.A., and Gurley, W.F.E., 1896, New species of Palaeozoic invertebrates from Illinois and other states: Illinois State Museum of Natural History, Bulletin, v. 3, 81 p.Google Scholar
Moore, R.C., and Harrington, H.J., 1956, Conulata, in Moore, R.C., ed., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part F, Coelenterata: Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, Geological Society of America (and University of Kansas Press), p. F54–F66.Google Scholar
Murchison, R.I., 1839, The Silurian System Founded on Researches in the Counties of Salop, Hereford, Radnor, Montgomery, Caermarthen, Brecon, Pembroke, Monmouth, Gloucester, Worcester, and Stafford, with Descriptions of the Coal-Fields and Overlying Formations: London, John Murray, xvi + 523 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, K.W., 1979, Development of coloniality in Hydrozoa, in Larwood, G., and Rosen, B., eds., Biology and Systematics of Colonial Organisms: New York, Systematics Association, Special Volume 11, p. 105–139.Google Scholar
Pillet, J., and Beaulieu, G., 1998, Sur quelques conularides de l'Ordovicien Moyen et Supérieure du Massif Armoricain: Bulletin de la Société de Sciences Naturelles de la France, nouvelle série, v. 20, no. 1, p. 29–40.Google Scholar
Rábano, I., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., and García-Bellido, D.C., 2014, A remarkable illaenid trilobite from the Middle Ordovician of Morocco: Bulletin of Geosciences, v. 89, p. 365–374, https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1467.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, F.R.C., 1933, Some new species of Conularia from Girvan: Geological Magazine, v. 70, p. 354–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reich, M., Sprinkle, J., Lefebvre, B., Rössner, G.R., and Zamora, S., 2017, The first Ordovician cyclocystoid (Echinodermata) from Gondwana and its morphology, paleoecology, taphonomy, and paleogeography: Journal of Paleontology, v. 91, p. 735–754, https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2017.7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, S.P., and Young, G.A., 2013, Late Ordovician conulariids from Manitoba, Canada: Journal of Paleontology, v. 87, p. 775–785, https://doi.org/10.1666/12-0370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sayar, C., 1964, Ordovician conulariids from the Bosphorous area, Turkey: Geological Magazine, v. 101, p. 193–197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sendino, C., and Darrell, J., 2008, The collection of conulariids in The Natural History Museum of London: Geological Curator, v. 9, p. 3–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sendino, C., and Darrell, J., 2009, History of conulariid research: Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India, v. 54, p. 121–133.Google Scholar
Serpagli, E., 1970, Ordovician conulariids of Sardinia: Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, v. 8, p. 3–10.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1940, The genotype of Conularia: Canadian Field Naturalist, v. 54, p. 72–74.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1941, Notes on Pseudoconularia and P. magnifica (Spencer): Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, section 4, v. 35, p. 125–129.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1942, The Chazy Conularida and their congeners: Annals of the Carnegie Museum, v. 29, p. 219–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1944, Notes on the genera Archaeoconularia and Eoconularia: Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, section 4, v. 38, p. 87–95.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1948, The biology of the Conularida [Ph.D. thesis]: Montreal, McGill University, 442 p.Google Scholar
Sinclair, G.W., 1952, A classification of the Conularida: Fieldiana-Geology, v. 10, p. 135–145.Google Scholar
Sowerby, J., 1821, The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain: or Coloured Figures and Descriptions of those Remains of Testaceous Animals or Shells, which have been Preserved at Various Times, and Depths in the Earth, Volume 3, Part 46: London, W. Arding, 194 p.Google Scholar
Sumrall, C.D., and Zamora, S., 2011, Ordovician edrioasteroids from Morocco: Faunal exchanges across the Rheic Ocean: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, v. 9, p. 425–454, https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2010.499137.Google Scholar
Torsvik, T.H., and Cocks, L.R.M, 2017, Earth History and Palaeogeography: Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, 317 p.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., 1992, Anatomy and phylogenetic significance of the corners and midlines of the conulariid test: Palaeontology, v. 35, p. 335–358.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., 1994, Redescription of Glyptoconularia Sinclair, an Ordovician conulariid from North America, in Landing, E., ed., Studies in Honor of Donald W. Fisher: New York State Museum and Geological Survey, Bulletin no. 481, p. 363–366.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., 2012, Conulariids of the Farden Member of the South Threave Formation (Upper Ordovician, Rawtheyan), SW Scotland: Geological Society of America, Southeast Section, Charlotte, North Carolina, Abstracts with Programs, v. 44, p. 61.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., and Lefebvre, B., 2020, Conulariids from the Lower Ordovician of the southern Montagne Noire, France: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 65, p. 629–639, https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2019.110.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., and Vyhlasová, Z., 2004, Conulariids, in Webby, B.D., Droser, M.L., and Paris, F., eds., The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: New York, Columbia University Press, p. 119–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iten, H., Fitzke, J.A., and Cox, R.S., 1996, Problematical fossil cnidarians from the Upper Ordovician of the north-central USA: Palaeontology, v. 39, p. 1037–1064.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., Lichtenwalter, M., Leme, J.M., and Simões, M.G., 2006a, Possible taphonomic bias in the preservation of phosphatic macroinvertebrates in the uppermost Maquoketa Formation (Upper Ordovician) of northeastern Iowa (north-central USA): Journal of Taphonomy, v. 4, p. 207–220.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., Leme, J.M., Simões, M.G., Marques, A., and Collins, A., 2006b, Reassessment of the phylogenetic position of conulariids within the subphylum Medusozoa (phylum Cnidaria): Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, v. 4, p. 109–118, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477201905001793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iten, H., Muir, L.A., Botting, J.P., Zhang, Y.-D., and Li, J.-P., 2013, Conulariids and Sphenothallus (Cnidaria, Medusozoa) from the Tonggao Formation (Lower Ordovician, China): Bulletin of Geosciences, v. 88, p. 713–722, https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iten, H., Burkey, M.H., Leme, J.M., and Marques, A.C., 2014, Cladistics and mass extinctions: The example of conulariids (Scyphozoa, Cnidaria) and the End Ordovician Extinction Event: GFF, v. 136, p. 275–280, https://doi.org/10.1080/11035897.2014.880506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iten, H., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., and Sá, A.A., 2016a, Ordovician conulariids of the Iberian Peninsula, in Harper, D.A.T., and Bruce, R., eds., Ordovician by the Lakes, IGCP653: Durham, UK, Van Mildert College, Durham University, p. 37–38.Google Scholar
Van Iten, H., Muir, L., Simões, M.G., Leme, J.M., Marques, A.C., and Yoder, N., 2016b, Palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology and evolution of Lower Ordovician conulariids and Sphenothallus (Medusozoa, Cnidaria), with emphasis on the Fezouata Shale of southeastern Morocco: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 460, p. 170–178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.03.008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Iten, H., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C., Muir, L.A., Simões, M.G., and Leme, J.M., 2022, Ordovician conulariids (Scyphozoa) from the upper Tiouririne Formation (Katian), eastern Anti-Atlas Mountains, southern Morocco, in Hunter, A.W., Álvaro, J.J., Lefebvre, B., van Roy, P., and Zamora, S., eds., The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event: Insights from the Tafilalt Biota, Morocco: London, Geological Society Special Publication, v. 485, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP485.5 [published online 1 January 2018].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verrill, A.E., 1865, Classification of polyps (extract condensed from Synopsis of the Polyps and Corals of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition under Commodore C. Ringgold and Captain John Rogers, U. S. N.): Communications of the Essex Institute, v. 4, p. 145–152.Google Scholar
Zamora, S., Rahman, I.A., and Ausich, W.I., 2015, Palaeogeographic implications of a new isocrinid crinoid (Disparida) from the Ordovician (Darriwilian) of Morocco: PeerJ, v. 3. P. e1450, https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar