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Growth and characterization of single-crystal lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate via high-pressure vertical Bridgman method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

Raji Soundararajan ,
Rabindra Nath Das ,
Russ Tjossem ,
Amit Bandyopadhyay ,
Kelvin G. Lynn ,
Elgin E. Eisser  and
Jerry Lazaroff
Raji Soundararajan
Affiliation:
Center for Materials Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
Rabindra Nath Das
Affiliation:
Center for Materials Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
Russ Tjossem
Affiliation:
Center for Materials Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
Amit Bandyopadhyay
Affiliation:
Center for Materials Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
Kelvin G. Lynn
Affiliation:
Center for Materials Research, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164
Elgin E. Eisser
Affiliation:
II-VI Corporation, Saxonburg, Pennsylvania 16056
Jerry Lazaroff
Affiliation:
II-VI Corporation, Saxonburg, Pennsylvania 16056
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Abstract

We have grown lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (PMN–PT) single crystals, using the high-pressure vertical Bridgman (HPVB) technique, around the stoichiometric composition of 0.7 PMN–0.3PT [0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 + 0.3(PbTiO3)]. The final ingot (about 50-mm diameter, 25-mm long) was machinable using an inner diameter saw. The room-temperature x-ray diffraction on the starting powders and the final single crystal revealed a desirable perovskite structure. The natural growth direction in most of the crystals, as determined using orientation image microscopy, was (110). Examination of the final microstructures and phases/inclusions had been done using optical and infrared microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray backscatter techniques. Microstructural characterizations of the final ingots have revealed the presence of pores filled with Mg–Si–O-rich impurity phase, usually found along the cell boundary–like structures, in all the growths. We have measured some piezoelectric properties including d33 (1200 pC/N), k33 (0.85), kt (0.5), and the dielectric constant at the Curie temperature.

Keywords

PMN-NTSingle crystal growthPiezoelectric
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , February 2004 , pp. 609 - 615
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

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References

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