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Interaction between breaking-induced vortices and near-bed structures. Part 1. Experimental and theoretical investigation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2022

Maurizio Brocchini Open the ORCID record for Maurizio Brocchini [Opens in a new window] ,
Francesco Marini Open the ORCID record for Francesco Marini [Opens in a new window] ,
Matteo Postacchini Open the ORCID record for Matteo Postacchini [Opens in a new window] ,
Gianluca Zitti Open the ORCID record for Gianluca Zitti [Opens in a new window] ,
Massimo Falchi Open the ORCID record for Massimo Falchi [Opens in a new window]  and
Zhihua Xie Open the ORCID record for Zhihua Xie [Opens in a new window]
Maurizio Brocchini
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Building Engineering, and Architecture, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
Francesco Marini
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Building Engineering, and Architecture, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
Matteo Postacchini
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Building Engineering, and Architecture, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
Gianluca Zitti*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Building Engineering, and Architecture, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
Massimo Falchi
Affiliation:
National Research Council, CNR-INM, 00128, Rome, Italy
Zhihua Xie
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The present work describes the vortex–vortex interactions observed during laboratory experiments, where a single regular water wave is allowed to travel over a discontinuous rigid bed promoting the generation of both near-bed and surface vortices. While near-bed vortices are generated by the flow separation occurring at the bed discontinuity, surface vortices are induced by the wave breaking in conjunction with a breaking-induced jet. A ‘backward breaking’ (previously observed in the case of solitary waves) occurs at the air–water interface downstream of the discontinuity and generates a surface anticlockwise vortex that interacts with the near-bed clockwise vortex. With the vortex–vortex interaction influenced by many physical mechanisms, a point-vortex model, by which vortices evolve under both self-advection (in relation to both free surface and seabed) and mutual interaction, has been implemented to separately investigate the vortex- and wave-induced dynamics. The available data indicate that both self-advection and mutual interaction are the governing mechanisms for the downward motion of the surface vortex, with the effect of the breaking-induced jet being negligible. The same two mechanisms, combined with the mean flow, are responsible for the almost horizontal and oscillating path of the near-bed vortex. The investigation of the vortex paths allow us to group the performed tests into three distinct classes, each characterized by a specific range of wave nonlinearity. The time evolution of the main variables characterizing the vortices (e.g. circulation, kinetic energy, enstrophy, radius) and their maximum values increase with the wave nonlinearity, such dependences being described by synthetic best-fit formulas.

JFM classification

Vortex Flows: Vortex interactions Vortex Flows: Vortex dynamics
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 940 , 10 June 2022 , A44
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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