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Absolute and convective instability of a liquid sheet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2006

S. P. Lin ,
Z. W. Lian  and
B. J. Creighton
S. P. Lin
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA
Z. W. Lian
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA
B. J. Creighton
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13676, USA
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Abstract

The linear stability of a viscous liquid sheet in the presence of ambient gas is investigated. It is shown that there are two independent modes of instability, sinuous and varicose. The large-time asymptotic amplitude of sinuous disturbances is found to be bounded but non-vanishing for all calculated values of Reynolds numbers and the gas-to-liquid density ratios when the Weber number is greater than one half. The Weber number We is defined as the ratio of the surface tension force to the inertia force per unit area of the gas–liquid interface. When We is smaller than one half, the sinuous mode is stable if the gas-to-liquid density ratio is zero, otherwise it is convectively unstable. The varicose mode is always convectively unstable unless the density ratio, Q, is zero. Then it is asymptotically stable. The spatial growth rate of the varicose mode is smaller than that of the sinuous mode for the same flow parameters. The wavelength of the most amplified waves in both modes is found to scale with the product of the sheet thickness and Q/We. It is shown, by use of the energy equation, that the mechanism of instability is a capillary rupture when We [ges ] 0.5, and the convective instability is due to the interfacial pressure fluctuation when We < 0.5.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 220 , November 1990 , pp. 673 - 689
Copyright
© 1990 Cambridge University Press

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