In September 1976, at the end of the IAU General Assembly held at Grenoble (France), a one-day meeting concerning the teaching of astronomy was organized by Commission 46. It was decided during this symposium, which brought together 150 French school teachers and 50 astronomers, among other things, to organize a summer school of astronomy the following summer. Since then, such a school has been organized every summer. These astronomy Summer Universities are one of the activities developed by the non-profit organization CLEA (Comité de Liaison Enseignants Astronomes) whose activities are discussed elsewhere in these proceedings. In astronomy, children are always very curious. Because of this interest, in the 1970’s some French astronomers applied pressure on the Education Ministry to introduce the subject in schools, and they were successful. However, astronomy was not introduced as a new separate subject, but rather as a part of another subject, mainly mathematics or physics.