Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T15:21:56.495Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sex, Race, and Biopower: A Foucauldian Genealogy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

Abstract

For many years feminists have asserted an “intersection” between sex and race. This paper, drawing heavily on the work of Michel Foucault, offers a genealogical account of the two concepts showing how they developed together and in relation to similar political forces in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Thus it attempts to give a concrete meaning to the claim that sex and race are intersecting phenomena.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 by Hypatia, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Althusser, Louis. 1976. Essays in self‐criticism. Trans. Lock, Grahame. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Jami L., ed. 2003. Race, gender, and sexuality: l'hilosophical issues of identity and justice. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Ranton, Michael. 1987. The classification of races in Europe and North America: 1700‐1850. International Social Science Journal 39: 4559.Google Scholar
Aernasconi, Robert, and Lott, Tommy, eds. 2000. The idea of race. Indianapolis: Hackett.Google Scholar
Bernasconi, Robert. 2001. Who invented the concept of race? Kant's role in the enlightenment construction of race. In Race, , ed. Robert Bernasconi. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.Google Scholar
Bonfiglio, Thomas Paul. 2002. Race and the rise of American standard. New York: Mouton de Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brookey, Robert Alan. 2002. Reinventing the male homosexual: The rhetoric and power o f the gay gene. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Burton, Robert. 1999. The Audubon backyard birdwatcher. San Diego: Thunderbay Press.Google Scholar
Collins, Patricia Hill. 1998. It's all in the family: Intersections of gender, race, and nation. Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 13 (3): 6282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1989. Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory, and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 139–67.Google Scholar
Darwin, Charles. 1996. On the development of the intellectual and moral faculties during primeval and civilised times. In On evolution, ed. Click, Thomas and Kohn, David. Indianapolis: Hackett.Google Scholar
Fanon, Frantz. 1967. Black skin, white masks. trans. Markmann, Charles Lam. New York: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1970. The order of things. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and punish: The birth ofthe prison. trans. Sheridan, Alan. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1978. The history ofsexuality, Vol. 1. Trans. Hurley, Robert. New York: Vintage Rooks.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1980. Two lectures. In Iower/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings, 1972‐1977, ed. Gordon, Colin. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 1997. The ethics of the concern for self as a practice of freedom. In Ethics, subjectivity, and truth: The essential works of Foucault 1954‐1984, Vol. I, ed Paul Rahinow, J.New York: The New Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 2000. The subject and power. In Power: The essential works of Foucault 1954‐1984, Vol. 111, ed. Fauhion, James. New York: The New Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel. 2003. “Society must be defended”: Lectures at the College de France, 1975‐1976. trans. Macey, David. New York: Picador.Google Scholar
Frankenberg, Ruth. 1993. White women, race matters: The social construction of whiteness. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freud, Sigmund. 1953. Three essays on the theory of sexuality. Standard Edition 7:125243. London, Hogarth.Google Scholar
Frye, Marilyn. 1983. To see and he seen: The politics of reality. In The politics ofreality: Essays in feminist theory. Trumanshurg, N.Y.: The Crossing Press.Google Scholar
Fuller, Laurie. 1999. “Whitie” and “dyke”: Constructions of identities in the classroom. In Whiteness: Feminist philosophical perspectives, ed. Cuomo, Chris J. and Hall, Kim Q.Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Gates, E. Nathaniel. 1997. The concept of “race” in natural and social science. New York: Garland Press.Google Scholar
Gould, Stephen J. 1994. The geometer of race. Discover (November): 6569.Google Scholar
Greenberg, David. F. 1988. The construction of homosexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, Jonathiin Ned. 1983. Gayllesbian almanac: A new documentary. New York: Car roll and Graf.Google Scholar
Katz, Jonathiin Ned. 1995. The invention of heterosexuality. New York: Penguin Press.Google Scholar
Von Krafft‐Ebing, Richard. 1965. Psychopathia sexualis. trans. Klaf, Franklin S.1st English ed. New York: Bell Publishing.Google Scholar
Lewontin, R.C., Rose, Steven, and Kamin, Leon J. 1984. Not in our genes. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Mangum, Charles S. Jr. 1940. The legal status of the Negro. Chapel Hill, N.C.: The University of North Carolina Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCann, Carole, and Kim, Seung‐Kyung, eds. 2003. Feminist theory reader: Local and global perspectives. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
McWhorter, Ladelle. 1999. Bodies and pleasures: Foucault and the politics of sexual normalization. Bloumington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
McWhorter, Ladelle. 1995. Scientific discipline and the origins of race: A Fuucaultian reading of the history of biology. In Continental and postmodern perspectives in the philosophy of science, ed. Bahich, Babette, Bergoffen, Debra, and Glynn, Simon. London: Avehury.Google Scholar
Roscoe, Will. 1991. The Zuni man‐woman. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar
Rothenberg, Paula S., ed. 1988. Racism and sexism: An integrated study. New York: St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Sacks, Oliver. 1990. Awakenings. New York: Harper Perennial Books.Google Scholar
Snyder, L. L. 1962. The idea ofracialism. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.Google Scholar
Spelman, Elizabeth. 1988. Inessential woman. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Stepan, Nancy. 1982. The idea of race in science. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Zack, Naomi, ed. 1997. Kacelsex: Their sameness, difference, and interplay. New York: Routlcdge.Google Scholar
Zia, Helen. 1997. Where race and gender meet: Racism, hate crimes, and pornography. In Reconstructing gender: A multicultural anthology, ed. Disch, Estelle. Mountain View, Calif.: Mayfield Publishing.Google Scholar