Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently seen neurobehavioral disorder in school-aged children. Although the main cause of ADHD is unknown, it's thought that numerous biopsychosocial factors have part in etiology of ADHD together.

This study aims to compare autonomic nervous system functions by measuring pupil diameters in 6–11 aged boys diagnosed ADHD with age and sex matched healthy controls.

Thirty-two boys with ADHD and 24 healthy controls were participated into this study. We studied with a more homogeneous group by exclusion of any other psychiatric disorders except oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). the participants were evaluated autonomic nervous system functions by measuring pupil diameter changes in photopic and mesopic conditions.

There were no statistical differences on photopic and mesopic pupil diameters between ADHD and healthy control groups (p>0.05). Moreover, there were no significant differences on same parameters between pure ADHD and ADHD+ODD groups (p>0.05).

These findings suggest that boys with ADHD don’t show difference in pupil diameters from typically children. This might indicate no difference in autonomic nervous system functions.