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Increased Risk for Substance Use-Related Problems in Mild Intellectual Disability: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 September 2022

A. Påhlsson ,
S. Liu ,
M. Tideman ,
H. Larsson ,
P. Lichtenstein  and
A. Butwicka
A. Påhlsson*
Affiliation:
Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology And Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
S. Liu
Affiliation:
Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology And Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
M. Tideman
Affiliation:
Höhskolan i Halmstad, Akademin För Hälsa Och Välfärd, Halmstad, Sweden
H. Larsson
Affiliation:
Örebro Universitete, Institutionen För Medicinska Vetenskaper, Örebro, Sweden
P. Lichtenstein
Affiliation:
Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology And Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
A. Butwicka
Affiliation:
Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology And Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Intellectual disability (ID) has been linked to substance use-related problems (SUP). However, previous research is limited by the small sample sizes, lack of general population comparison and have not accounted for familial confoundings. The role of other psychiatric comorbidities also remains unknown.

Objectives

To examine the risk of SUP in individuals with mild-ID and assess whether the associations depend on other psychiatric comorbidities, controlling for potential familial confounding.

Methods

Population-based cohort study of individuals born in Sweden 1973-2003. We identified 19,078 individuals with mild-ID, 953,900 reference individuals from the general population, and 20,722 full-siblings of individuals with mild-ID. Conditional logistic regression models were used to compare individuals with mild-ID to the general population and their full-siblings regarding the risk of SUP, including alcohol and substance use disorders, alcohol and substance-related somatic diseases, substance-related crime, and substance-related death. Analyses were repeated stratified by the presence of psychiatric comorbidities.

Results

Individuals with mild-ID had increased risks of any SUP (adjusted OR [95%CI]: 1.41 [1.35, 1.47]), compared to the general population, including alcohol-related somatic diseases (3.27 [1.92, 5.59]), alcohol (2.05 [1.91, 2.22]) and drug-use disorder (1.79 [1.69, 1.91]), and alcohol (1.36 [1.19, 1.49]) and drug-related crime (1.27 [1.19, 1.36]). The risk of SUP for individuals with mild ID was particularly elevated with comorbid mood (3.74 [3.47, 4.04]), anxiety (3.30 [3.09, 3.53]) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (2.61 [2.44, 2.80]). Increased risk of SUP remained significant when controlling for familial confounding.

Conclusions

Individuals with mild-ID, especially those with other psychiatric comorbidities, are at increased risks of SUP.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

Substance Use-Related Problemsintellectual disabilityPopulation-Based Cohort Study
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 65 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 30th European Congress of Psychiatry , June 2022 , pp. S79 - S80
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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