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Diferencias de género en el reconocimiento de la emoción facial en personas con esquizofrenia crónica

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

Elisabeth M. Weiss ,
Christian G. Kohler ,
Colleen M. Brensinger ,
Warren B. Bilker ,
James Loughead ,
Margerete Delazer  and
Karen A. Nolan
Elisabeth M. Weiss
Affiliation:
Departamento de Psiquiatría General, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
Christian G. Kohler
Affiliation:
Sección de Neuropsiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Pennsylvania, Filadelfia, PA, EE.UU.
Colleen M. Brensinger
Affiliation:
Centro para Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Universidad de Pennsylvania, Filadelfia, PA, EE.UU.
Warren B. Bilker
Affiliation:
Centro para Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Universidad de Pennsylvania, Filadelfia, PA, EE.UU.
James Loughead
Affiliation:
Sección de Neuropsiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Pennsylvania, Filadelfia, PA, EE.UU.
Margerete Delazer
Affiliation:
Departamento de Neurología, Universidad Médica de Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020Innsbruck, Austria
Karen A. Nolan
Affiliation:
Instituto Nathan S. Kline para la Investigación Psiquiátrica, Orangeburg, NY, EE. UU.
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Resumen

Antecedentes

El propósito del presente estudio era investigar las posibles diferencias sexuales en el reconocimiento de expresiones faciales de la emoción e investigar el patrón de errores de clasificación en varones y mujeres con esquizofrenia. Este enfoque proporciona una oportunidad de examinar el grado en que varones y mujeres difieren en la percepción e interpretación de las diferentes emociones que les muestran y analizar qué emociones son más susceptibles a los errores de reconocimiento.

Métodos

Cincuenta y seis pacientes con esquizofrenia crónica hospitalizados (38 hombres y 18 mujeres) respondieron al Test de Reconocimiento de las Emociones de Penn (ER40), una prueba informatizada de discriminación de las emociones que presenta 40 fotografías en color de expresiones evocadas de felicidad, tristeza, ira y temor y expresiones neutrales equilibradas en cuanto al género y el origen étnico del modelo.

Resultados

Encontramos una diferencia de sexo significativa en los patrones de las tasas de error en el Test de Reconocimiento de las Emociones de Penn. Los rostros neutrales se tomaban más comúnmente como enfadados en los hombres esquizofrénicos, mientras que las mujeres esquizofrénicas interpretaban erróneamente con más frecuencia los rostros neutrales como tristes. Además, los rostros femeninos se reconocían mejor en conjunto, pero el temor se reconocía mejor en las fotografías del mismo género, mientras que la ira se reconocía mejor en fotografías de género diferente.

Conclusiones

Los hallazgos del presente estudio prestan apoyo a la noción de que las diferencias sexuales en el comportamiento agresivo se podrían relacionar con un estilo cognitivo caracterizado por atribuciones hostiles a rostros neutrales en los hombres esquizofrénicos.

Keywords

Diferencias de géneroReconocimiento de la emociónEsquizofrenia
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 14 , Issue 7 , October 2007 , pp. 335 - 342
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2007

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